Kingdom- Animalia

1. Kingdom- Animalia Invertebrate Phyla 1) Porifera -Sponges 2) Cnidaria-Jellyfish 3) Platyhelmninthes-flatworms 4) Nematoda-Roundworms 5) Annelida--Segmented worms 6) Mollusca--Clams, Snails, Squid 7) Arthropoda--Insects,Arachnids 8) Echinodermata--Seastars

2. What is an Animal? • Eukaryotic, Multicellular, Heterotrophic • Lack Cell Walls • Collagen present • Store sugar as glycogen

3. All Animals form a blastula and gastrula, during embryological development.

5. Different types of Cleavage (How the cell divides and splits) • 1) Protostomes • * Spiral Cleavage--blastopore becomes the mouth • Most invertebrate Phyla • 2) Deuterostomes • * Radial Cleavage--blastopore becomes the anus • Echinoderata & Chordata--(Not an invert.)

7. Types of Symmetry--Or how the body parts are arranged

8. Radial Symmetry--Cnidaria & Echinodermata

9. Bilateral (2 halves) Symmetry

10. 2 equal sides--All other phyla

11. Phylum-Porifera

12. Porifera--Characteristics • Pores • Multicellularity • No true tissues • Sessile, Filter feeders • Types--Bath (protein), Glass (SiO2), Chalk

13. Phylum Cnidaria

14. Cnidaria--Characteristics • First true tissues, First mover (motile) • Nerve net, Nematocysts (Stinging cells) • One body opening (mouth) • 3 Classes--1) Hydrozoa (Hydra, P.M.W.) 2) Scyphozoa (floating, true jellyfish) 3) Anthozoa (corals)

15. Phylum Platyhelminthes

16. Platyhelminthes--Characteristics • First, “Hunter” Moved head first • Cephalization--Head development • 3 tissue layers--ectoderm, mesoderm & endoderm • Mostly parasitic • 3 Classes--Trematoda (flukes) Cestoda (tapeworms) Turbellaria (Planaria et al)

17. Phylum Nematoda

18. Nematoda--Characteristics • Pseudocoelom (false coelom)--A protective cushiony layer between the endoderm & mesoderm • 2 body openings (mouth & anus) • 1st distinct sexes (boys & girls) • Mostly parasitic--hookworms, threadworms, pinworms

19. Phylum Annelida

20. Annelida Characteristics • True coelom • All body organ systems, well developed • Segmentation • Closely related to Molluscs • 3 Classes--Oligochaeta (earthworms) Polychaeta (predatory sandworms) Hirudinea (parasitic leeches)

21. Phylum Mollusca

22. Mollusca--Characteristics • 2nd most numerous phylum • Largest sizes--> Giant squid & clam • Variable body form • Most have a mantle that secretes a shell • 1st camera-type eye (detailed images) • Most have head--viscera--foot

23. Class Bivalvia

24. More Bivalves…

25. Class Gastropoda

26. Gastropods have coiled shells, due to torsion. They are univalves

28. Class Cephalopoda--Squid, Octopus & Cuttle fish

29. Phylum Arthropoda--Characteristics • Most numerous #1 Phylum • Jointed Appendages (arms, legs, antennae) muscles are in bundles • Exoskeleton (made of chitin) • Adapted to nearly every habitat & niche • Most have Head--Thorax--Abdomen

31. Phylum Arthropoda Class Insecta

32. Class Arachnida

33. Class Crustacea

35. Phylum Echinodermata (Spiny skin)

36. Echinodermata--Characteristics • Spiny skin • Endoskeleton (like vertebrates) • Deuterostomes (like chordates) blastopore becomes the anus • Radial symmetry (pentaradial) • Types--seastars, sea cukes, sand dollars, sea urchins

37. Phylum Chordata

38. Chordate Characteristics--All vertebrates are chordates, but not all chordates are vertebrates • Post-anal tail • Pharyngeal gill slits • Notocord • Dorsal neural tube (nerve cord)