United States Becomes a WORLD POWER

1. United States Becomes a WORLD POWER 5-3.1: Industrial Revolution

2. Industrial Revolution • Industrial Revolution: time in history when there was a huge gain in the businesses and technologies of the United States

3. A Change • After the Civil War: • Switch from economy of agriculture to manufactured goods • Agriculture: farming • Manufactured: made in a factory

4. Things Needed for a Manufacturing Society #1: raw materials (supplies) #2: workers #3: capital equipment (machines) #4: new ideas/ equipment (technology)

5. Getting “Raw Materials” • Government built the transcontinental railroad • Government started the Homestead Act • Railroad shipped materials from the farms to the factories in the East

6. Getting “Raw Materials” • Transcontinental Railroad: • Shipped goods to factories • Factories turned materials into consumer goods • Goods were sent all over the country • Consumer Goods: Goods used by people • Grains (cereal) • Hogs/ cattle (meat) • Iron from mining (steel for buildings)

7. Mass Production • Mass Production: making a large number of goods at one time • Meat Packers: Developed a way to make a mass amount of meat • Mass: large • Hogs and cows were killed cut into steak/ham leftovers stuffed into sausages • One man said, “My plant can use every part of a pig except the squeal!”

8. Farm Life Changes • Mechanization: using machines to do work • New inventions on the farm made work a lot faster. • Farmers were able to grow a lot of crops and harvest them quickly. • Farmers used their money to buy more land and the new equipment.

9. Farm Life Changes • More farmers were growing a LARGE amount of crops. • Supply and Demand went down • There was a large supply of cropsbut not a large demand • Farmers stopped making money. • They couldn’t pay for their new land and machines.

10. Farm Life Changes • Many farmers went into debt. • Many lost their land. • Farmers began moving to the city. • They began to work in factories. • Many sharecroppers were not needed, so they moved to the cities.

11. Inventions that Helped the United States Grow into a Power #1: Telegraph: • Invented before the Civil War • Invented by Samuel Morse • Invented to help railroads communicate • Used to order supplies across the country • Made sure that supplies were delivered to the right place

12. Inventions that Helped the U.S. #2: Telephone • Invented by Alexander Graham Bell • People/ Businesses could communicate quickly and easily • Did not require that people learn the Morse Code • Everyone spoke with an operator • Problem: Only businesses and wealthy people could afford them at first • It was not available to people in the country for a long time

13. Inventions that Helped the U.S. #3: Light Bulb • Thomas Edison invented the incandescent light bulb • Could light factories and homes more safely than lanterns • Stores could stay open at night • Helped economic growth by aiding factories • Led to the use of electricity

14. Electricity • Light bulbs were popular: People wanted electricity • Electric lights were strung around the city • Electricity was used to power businesses and factories • Electric powered streetcars replaced horse-drawn street cars (people could live farther from jobs)

15. Electricity • Home Devices: • Washing machine • Vacuum cleaner • Sewing machine • Typewriters • Provided many jobs