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Cognitivism

Cognitivism. Cognitive Definition of Learning. A semi-permanent change in mental processes How is this different from the behaviorist view? What are the potential advantages of defining learning as a change in mental associations ? . Discussion Questions.

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Cognitivism

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  1. Cognitivism

  2. Cognitive Definition of Learning • A semi-permanent change in mental processes • How is this different from the behaviorist view? • What are the potential advantages of defining learning as a change in mental associations ?

  3. Discussion Questions • Do you agree with the behaviorist view that learning can be described simply in terms of stimulus-response relationships? That learning only occurs if there is an outward manifestation? Why or why not? • What are the potential advantages of defining learning as a change in behavior?

  4. Cognitivism Basics • Learning is due to experience. • Meaning is constructed by the learner, rather than being derived directly from the environment. • Prior knowledge and beliefs play a major role in the meanings that people construct.

  5. The Human Information Processing Model

  6. A Model of Memory

  7. Characteristics • Sensory Register • Working Memory • Long-Term Memory • Semantic • Procedural • Episodic

  8. Working Memory • What are some of the classroom implications of the limitations of working memory? • Let’s test yours: • http://www.exploratorium.com/memory/dont_forget/playing_games.html

  9. Working Memory • What did you learn? • How might you help your students?

  10. Long-term Memory Encoding • Rehearsal • Meaningful Learning • Organization • Elaboration • Visual Imagery • Mnemonics (if necessary)

  11. Other things we can do… • Primacy & Recency Effect • Practice • Massed • Distributed • Enactment

  12. Automaticity • What does it mean to learn something to automaticity? • What are the advantages and disadvantages?

  13. Metacognition • Learners’ knowledge and beliefs regarding their own cognitive processes • Their attempts to regulate those cognitive processes to maximize learning and memory • How can we help them develop a realistic view?

  14. In the Classroom · Make sure you have the students' attention; · Help students focus on the most important details and separate less vital information; · Help students make connections between new information and what they already know; · Provide for repetition and review of information; · Present material (instruction) in a clear, organized, way; · Focus on meaning, not memorization, of information.

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