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Bridges

Bridges. Designs, Materials & Types. Physics of Bridge Building. http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ONInzuP5vO0&rdm=wqkyl1y&hl=en&gl=US&client=mv-google&guid= A updated remix video: http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Sb6aAUhCtn4&desktop_uri=%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DSb6aAUhCtn4. Bridge Types.

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Bridges

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  1. Bridges Designs, Materials & Types

  2. Physics of Bridge Building • http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ONInzuP5vO0&rdm=wqkyl1y&hl=en&gl=US&client=mv-google&guid= • A updated remix video: • http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Sb6aAUhCtn4&desktop_uri=%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DSb6aAUhCtn4

  3. Bridge Types • Girder – deck supported by beams of reinforced concrete or steel, anchored at one end. Usually small spans or low load (force), based on strength of materials. • Truss/Cantilever – deck supported by a structure of beams of various materials, assembled in angles to disperse force between tension and compression. Materials depend on age of bridge, load (force) expected on the bridge and span. • Suspension – deck is supported by cables that hang from a main cable that goes from piers (abutments) to anchors on either end.

  4. Where do the cars travel? Deck Design – traffic travels on top of the main structure. Pony Design – traffic travels through the structure, but the structure is not cross braced at the top. Through Design – traffic travels through the structure and the structure is cross braced at the top.

  5. Materials – Planning for Epic Fail • Wood – wood is a natural polymer (like plastic), it can be pushed (compressed) or pulled (tension) and performs okay in either. • Concrete – very good in compression, not good in tension. Often “reinforced” by adding metal bars called rebar into the mold to help hold it together while under tension. • Metal – very good under tension (being pulled or twisted), but not good under compression. Metallic bonds create the ability to perform elastically (bending but maintaining shape) and plastically (bending to a new shape) without failing.

  6. Design Criteria • Location LocationLocation – natural features, conditions, span, live load (traffic volume) • Failures: • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-zczJXSxnw • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGQfUWvP0II&app=desktop • (1/2) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YHT_Gz2fJuM • (2/2) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_lBgVJSyqwY&app=desktop

  7. Design Criteria • Purpose – use of bridge. • Aesthetics – who will look at this, is this a gateway? • Successful: Time-lapse of Hoover Dam Bridge • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fu4_gY5TFOY&app=desktop • World's most dangerous road bridge. EXTREME • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJqDyrZfJpI&app=desktop

  8. Engineering Vocabulary • Live Load – weight of objects moving across it • Dead Load – weight of the structure • Moment – force that causes a rotation • Stress/Prestress – resistance of an object to an outside force • Shear – transverse perpendicular force • Tension – pull force • Compression – push force • Strain – deformation from force • Plastic – objected deflects far enough that it cannot return to previous form. • Elastic – object deflects but will return to orginal form. • Deflection – object bends or twists

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