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UCL CENTRE FOR SUSTAINABLE HERITAGE. Application of an Air Pollution Modelling Tool to Cultural Heritage Buildings. Dr Nigel Blades UCL Centre for Sustainable Heritage. Model outputs: Indoor pollutant concentration or I/O ratio Which surfaces absorb most pollutant
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UCL CENTRE FOR SUSTAINABLE HERITAGE Application of an Air Pollution Modelling Tool to Cultural Heritage Buildings Dr Nigel Blades UCL Centre for Sustainable Heritage
Model outputs: Indoor pollutant concentration or I/O ratio Which surfaces absorb most pollutant Relation between I/O ratio and ventilation rate IMPACT pollution model - JAVA applet implementation of pollution mass balance equation of Weschler et al. (1989)
Metal walls and ceiling Glass end walls Open plan display area Mechanical ventilation but not air conditioning Close relation to outdoor environment Case study 1: Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts, Norwich, UK
Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts Table 1: Data on the SCVA used in the modelling
IMPACT modelling of the SCVA How can pollution control be improved at the SCVA?
Concrete walls and floors Most glazing covered over Naturally ventilated, but building tightly sealed Stair well Entrance lobby Internal doors Door to outside Case study 2: Factory building converted into an archive store modelled zone
IMPACT modelling of the archive store – results for all gases
IMPACT modelling of the archive store – results for all gases Is this good for conservation of the collection?
IMPACT modelling of the archive store – pollution effects on the collection
IMPACT modelling of the archive store – comparison with measured data
Reasons for discrepancy between measured and modelled data • Amount of active surface area in the building has been underestimated • Single zone model does not allow for air infiltration from other zones (rooms) • Enhanced pollution deposition around cracks and crevices where air infiltrates • Homogeneous chemistry?
Conclusions • IMPACT model can quickly and easily estimate the contribution of outdoor pollution to indoor environment, using a simple deposition model • Help understand relation between air pollution and buildings • Teaching aid for conservators in UK and Malta, COST G8 Training School • In use by heritage organisations, e.g. English Heritage
European project details IMPACT, Contract No. EVK4-CT-2000-00031, ‘Innovative Modelling of Museum Pollution and Conservation Thresholds’ (2000-04) http://www.ucl.ac.uk/sustainableheritage/impact