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The Cold War

The Cold War. Essential Question. How did WW2 help lead to the start of the Cold War?. Introduction. At end of WW2, U.S. & Soviet Union became known as SUPERPOWERS U.S. – Atomic Bomb & Powerful Economy U.S.S.R. – Red Army Each attempted to expand influence

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The Cold War

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  1. The Cold War

  2. Essential Question • How did WW2 help lead to the start of the Cold War?

  3. Introduction • At end of WW2, U.S. & Soviet Union became known as SUPERPOWERS • U.S. – Atomic Bomb & Powerful Economy • U.S.S.R. – Red Army • Each attempted to expand influence • Global competition led to conflicts on every continent for next 45 years • “Cold” because neither side attacked openly

  4. Roots of the Cold War • Competing ideological systems • Leaders wanted to spread their ideas

  5. Roots of the Cold War

  6. The Cold War Begins in Europe DO NOT COPY THIS SLIDE • The Yalta Conference • NATO • Warsaw Pact

  7. The Yalta Conference • Roosevelt, Churchill, & Stalin met before WW2 ended in 1945 • Made plans for post-war world • Split Germany into 4 zones to be occupied by 3 allies & France

  8. An Iron Curtain Falls on Eastern Europe • Soviet Army put local Communist leaders in charge of Eastern European nations • Stalin used Eastern Europe as buffer to protect Soviet security • Many Eastern European countries became Soviet satellites • Trade & communication cut off between East & West • Countries forced to create Communist governments & economies

  9. Growing American Involvement • Leaders feared Stalin wanted to rule world, like Hitler • U.S. was only nation that could stand up to Soviets & Communism • Truman Doctrine – U.S. would support people resisting Communism, began U.S. containment • Wouldn’t overturn existing Communism, but would prevent it from spreading

  10. Growing American Involvement • Marshall Plan – Gave money to Western European nations to rebuild economies & resist Communism • Berlin Airlift • 1948 – Allies merged 3 German zones • Stalin closed access to Berlin & east • Allies airlifted food & supplies • Stalin admitted defeat, removed blockade

  11. Growing American Involvement • Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) created in 1949 • German Democratic Republic (East Germany) created in response

  12. NATO & Warsaw Pact • North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) • U.S., Canada, & 10 Western European countries • Protect Western Europe from Communism • U.S. pledged to use nuclear weapons to defend Europe • Warsaw Pact • Soviet response to NATO • Communist countries created alliance

  13. How WW2 Started Cold War • Emergence of 2 Superpowers • Ideological Differences Reemerge • Soviet Security Fears • U.S. Leaders Avoid Isolationism & Appeasement • New Weapons Lead to Cold War • Rise of Communism in Asia

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