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Verb to be and The Tenses

Verb to be and The Tenses. Verb to be is a verb that is used to modify (qualify) other verb, an adjective, or an adverb . The tenses are any of the inflected forms of a verb that indicate the time and continuance or completion of the action or state .

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Verb to be and The Tenses

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  1. Verb to be and The Tenses • Verb to be is a verb that is used to modify (qualify) other verb, an adjective, or an adverb. • The tenses are any of the inflected forms of a verb that indicate the time and continuance or completion of the action or state.

  2. In the present tense there are three kinds of verb to be: am, are, and is;am is used for the singular first person (I), are is used for the plural first person (We), singular and plural second person (You), and plural third person (They), isused for the singular third person (He or She), and for an object (It). • In the past tense there two kinds of verb to be: was and were: was is used for the singular first person (I) and singular third person (He or She) and for an object (It), were is used for the plural first person (We), plural second person (You), and plural third person (They).

  3. Example • Budi, Yanto, Mahmud and Ali are the members of a youth farmers organization in our village. • The price of fertilizers is expensive. • I am a first year student of Agricultural Faculty, University of Jambi. • She was a student of Soil Science Department in 1999. • We were in Bali last month to study the traditional irrigation system “Subak”. • Pak Ahmad will be happy because the government will provide him with a small business loan next month.

  4. Using verb to be with the expletive expression THERE • The verb to be can use the expletive expression THERE, to modify the subject of a sentence • There are five mangoes, three oranges and ten bunches of celery in the basket. • There is an axillary bud in each leaf axils in dicotyledonous plants. • There were some nurseries in our village before 1997. • There was a Tungro virus attack in farmer’s farm in DesaSuka Jaya last year.

  5. Sentence transformation • An affirmative sentence employing verb to be can be transformed into a negative or interrogative sentence. To transform the sentence into a negative form, we simply add a negation word NOT after the verb to be. Whereas to transform the sentence into an affirmative, we simply put the verb to be at the beginning of the sentence before the subject. Example: • She was in the meeting last night. • She was not in the meeting last night. • Was she in the meeting last night?

  6. Exercise 1 • Every Monday, Sally (drive) her kids to football practice. • Usually, I (work) as a secretary at ABT, but this summer I (study) French at a language school in Paris. That is why I am in Paris. • Justin (write, currently) a book about his adventures in Tibet. I hope he can find a good publisher when he is finished. • The business cards (be, normally) printed by a company in New York. Their prices (be) inexpensive, yet the quality of their work is quite good. • We (have, be) in this village since last week to carry out Student Community Services

  7. Exercise 2. Last night, while I was doing my homework, Angela (call) . She said she (call) me on her cell phone from her biology classroom at UCLA. I asked her if she (wait) for class, but she said that the professor was at the front of the hall lecturing while she (talk) to me. I couldn't believe she (make) a phone call during the lecture. I asked what was going on. She said her biology professor was so boring that several of the students (sleep, actually) in class. Some of the students (talk) about their plans for the weekend and the student next to her (draw) a picture of a horse. When Angela (tell) me she was not satisfied with the class, I (mention) that my biology professor was quite good and (suggest) that she switch to my class. While we were talking, I (hear) her professor yell, "Miss, are you making a phone call?" Suddenly, the line went dead. I (hang) up the phone and went to the kitchen to make dinner. As I (cut) vegetables for a salad, the phone rang once again. It (be) Angela, but this time she wasn't sitting in class.

  8. Exercise 3 • Change the following sentences into negative and interrogative forms using the pattern you have learned. • There are chilli peppers in the basket. • The colour of garlic is white and yellowish. • Shallot is one of onion types. • Kamferiagalangaand Zingiberofficinale are of Indonesian native species. • The oil palm plantations were abundant in Sumatra before 1990. • The rubber plant was from Middle Asia. • Indonesia was the biggest rubber producer in the world during 1950 – 1970. • Most of farmers in Indonesia are poor. • The small chilli pepper (Capsicum frutescens) is very hot. • The organic fertilizers are good for horticultural crops.

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