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Century Review Part II. 1555- 1648. Exploration. God, Gold, Glory! Inventions: Compass Quadrant Caravel Portolani Lateen Sail Early Explorers: Columbus Vespucci Cabot. Exploration cont. Development of Colonial Empires:. New colonial empires. Treaty of Todesillas
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Century Review Part II 1555- 1648
Exploration • God, Gold, Glory! • Inventions: • Compass • Quadrant • Caravel • Portolani • Lateen • Sail • Early Explorers: • Columbus • Vespucci • Cabot
Exploration cont. • Development of Colonial Empires:
New colonial empires • Treaty of Todesillas • Division of the “New World” • Management • Encomiendas • Council of the Indies • Viceroy • Audiencias • Christinization • Bartolome de las Casas • Consequences • Columbian Exchange • Commercial Revolution
Commercial Revolution (Phase I) • Acceleration of global trade • Price Revolution • Importation of precious metals • Guilds • Investment • Medicis, Fuggers • Bank of Amsterdam • Joint stock companies Dutch East India Co. • Capitalism • Putting out system • Adam Smith scarcity (zero sum game), wealth, govt. intervention • Mercantilism
Changes in social structures • Nobles of the Robe • Nobles of the Sword • Bourgeoisie bankers, merchants • Petit bourgeoisie
Religious Wars • Holy Roman Empire Hapsburgs • Charles V Peace of Augsburg “cuiusregio, eiusreligio” • Philip II “Catholic Protector” • France • Huguenots vs. Catholics vs. Ultra Catholics • Bourbons Valois Guise • St. Bartholomew’s Massacre • War of the Three Henries • Henry Bourbon “Paris is worth a mass” Edict of Nantes
Thirty Years War • Protestant Union vs. Catholic League • Defenestration of Prague (1618) • 4 Phases • Bohemian • Danish • Swedish • Franco- Swedish
Peace of westphalia • Shift in the Balance of Power • Stronger nations: • France • Sweden • Prussia • Dutch