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Belief Systems Hinduism and Buddhism

Chris DeCicco. Belief Systems Hinduism and Buddhism. Hinduism Basics. Traced back to Indus River Valley civilization Modern day Pakistan Developed in Indian subcontinent Elements can be traced back to 3000 B.C. Polytheistic religion Many gods. Origins.

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Belief Systems Hinduism and Buddhism

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  1. Chris DeCicco Belief SystemsHinduism and Buddhism

  2. Hinduism Basics • Traced back to Indus River Valley civilization • Modern day Pakistan • Developed in Indian subcontinent • Elements can be traced back to 3000 B.C. • Polytheistic religion • Many gods

  3. Origins • Believed to be a result of cultural diffusion • Aryan invaders and native Indians • 1500 BCE

  4. Significant Writings • Vedas, Upanishads, Ramayana, Mahabharata, BhagavadGita

  5. Teachings andBeliefs • Salvation achieved through the soul, or atman, becoming one with reality of the universe, or Brahman. • One must break free from reincarnation cycle, or samsara. • Breaking free is called moksha

  6. Karma Dharma • Karma is material actions that happen because of previous actions • Dharma is fulfilling one’s duty in life

  7. Reincarnation • When you die you reincarnate into another life form, also called samsara • What you reincarnate into depends on karma and dharma • Reincarnation symbolized with infinity symbol

  8. Reincarnation cont. • When you’re born you are given life by Brahma • Life preserved by Vishnu • Shiva is the one who brings you to death • The cycle is repeated until you achieve moksha • End of all suffering, final state

  9. Caste System • Reincarnation justifies the caste system • Caste system is a rigid social structure

  10. Caste System cont. • It is believed if you lived a good life, you will be reincarnated into a person belonging to the next highest level in the Caste System • If you are bad you will be demoted or removed from Caste System • Untouchables are the lowest level. • No hope of returning back to Caste system

  11. Animals • All animals have souls • All life is sacred • Cows are extremely sacred. Their peacefulness is virtuous • Most Hindus are vegetarians.

  12. Hinduism Today • Usually practiced at home where people have a shrine to a God • Sometimes people go to Hindu Temples

  13. Hinduism Today cont. • After independence from Britain in 1947, India banned “untouchability” in its constitution • Similar caste reforms reduced discrimination • However, caste system still exists

  14. Hindu Leaders • Hindu priests carry out religious practices in temples

  15. Buddhism Basics • Founded by Siddhartha Gautama, or Buddha • Developed in India • Approximately 460 B.C. • Based on many of the core concepts of Hinduism

  16. Writings • Tripitka, or The Three Baskets of Wisdom

  17. Places of Worship • Usually practiced individually • There are temples and monasteries

  18. Teachings and Beliefs • Siddhartha born into Brahmin caste • Troubled by human misery • Thought desire caused all suffering • Recorded Four Noble Truths

  19. Four Noble Truths • Life is full of pain and suffering. • Human desire causes this suffering. • By putting an end to desire, humans can end suffering. • Humans can end desire by following the Eightfold Path

  20. Eightfold Path • Know that suffering is caused by desire • Be selfless and love all life • Do not lie, or speak without cause • Do not kill, steal, or commit other unrighteous acts.

  21. Eightfold Path cont. • Do not do things which promote evil. • Take effort to promote righteousness. • Be aware of your physical actions, state of mind, and emotions. • Learn to meditate.

  22. Reincarnation • Endless cycle of reincarnation, or samsara • Similar to Hinduism • Gods are not responsible • Caste System is rejected, you can reincarnate until nirvana

  23. Nirvana • Perfect peace of the state of mind • Free from craving, anger, and other afflicting states 

  24. Present Day Buddhism • Most common in Southeast Asia and Japan

  25. Buddhist Leaders • Dalai Lama is the spiritual leader of the Tibetan sect of Buddhism • He is considered the reincarnation of bodhisattva, or “Buddha-to-be” • Buddhist monks wear traditional orange robes

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