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Perfect and Pluperfect Subjunctive

Perfect and Pluperfect Subjunctive . Perfect Perfect Active Stem + - erī + personal endings laudāverīs, monuerīs, ēgerīs, audīverīs Pluperfect Perfect Active Stem + -issē + personal endings laudāvissēs, monuissēs, ēgissēs, audīvissēs. Perfect Subjunctive Active. laudāverim.

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Perfect and Pluperfect Subjunctive

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  1. Perfect and Pluperfect Subjunctive Perfect Perfect Active Stem + -erī + personal endings laudāverīs, monuerīs, ēgerīs, audīverīs Pluperfect Perfect Active Stem + -issē + personal endings laudāvissēs, monuissēs, ēgissēs, audīvissēs

  2. Perfect Subjunctive Active laudāverim monuerim ēgerim audīverim laudāverīs monuerīs ēgerīs audīverīs laudāverit monuerit ēgerit audīverit laudāverīmus monuerīmus ēgerīmus audīverīmus laudāverītis monuerītis ēgerītis audīverītis laudāverint monuerint ēgerint audīverint

  3. Pluperfect Subjunctive Active laudāvissem monuissem ēgissem audīvissem laudāvissēs monuissēs ēgissēs audīvissēs laudāvisset monuisset ēgisset audīvisset laudāvissēmus monuissēmus ēgissēmus audīvissēmus laudāvissētis monuissētis ēgissētis audīvissētis laudāvissent monuissent ēgissent audīvissent

  4. Perfect and Pluperfect Subjunctive Passive Perfect Passive Perfect Passive Participle + Present Subjunctive Active of sum laudātus sim, monitus sim, etc. Pluperfect Passive Perfect Passive Participle + Imperfect Subjunctive Active of sum laudātus essem, monitus essem

  5. Perfect Subjunctive Passive laudātus sim monitus sim actus sim audītus sim laudātus sīs monitus sīs actus sīs audītus sīs laudātus sit monitus sit actus sit audītus sit laudātī sīmus monitī sīmus actī sīmus audītī sīmus laudātī sītis monitī sītis actī sītis audītī sītis laudātī sint monitī sint actī sint audītī sint

  6. Pluperfect Subjunctive Passive laudātus essem monitus essem actus essem audītus essem laudātus essēs monitus essēs actus essēs audītus essēs laudātus esset monitus esset actus esset audītus esset laudātī essēmus monitī essēmus actī essēmus audītī essēmus laudātī essētis monitī essētis actī essētis audītī essētis laudātī essent monitī essent actī essent audītī essent

  7. Hooray!!! You’ve learned all the Latin verb forms!

  8. Translation of the Perfect and Pluperfect Subjunctive (for purpose clauses) present subjunctive = “may” imperfect subjunctive = “might” perfect subjunctive = “may have” pluperfect subjunctive = “might have”

  9. Indirect Questions Indirect Statement: Indicative verb of the head + accusative and infinitive Indirect Question: + verb of speech, mental activity or sense perception Interrogative word + Subjunctive

  10. Interrogative words quis, quid, interrogative pronoun who?, which?, what? quī, quae, quod, interrogative adjective which?, what? quam, interrogative adverb how?, how much? quandō, interrogative adverb when? cūr, interrogative adverb why?

  11. Interrogative words ubi, interrogative adverb where? unde, interrogative adverb from where?, whence? uter, interrogative adjective which (of two)? utrum… an, interrogative adjective whether… or? -ne, interrogative suffix whether? (attaches to first word)

  12. Indirect Questions Rogat quid Julia faciat. She asks what Julia is doing (right now). Rogat quid Julia fēcerit. She asks what Julia has done. Rogat quid Julia factūra sit. She asks what Julia will do. (is about to do) future active periphrastic

  13. Future active periphrastic: future active participle + present/imperfect subj. of sum

  14. Future active periphrastic: future active participle + present/imperfect form of sum The future active periphrastic with a subjunctive form of sum is used to show action happening in the future in dependent clauses. This is form is needed because there is no future subjunctive.

  15. Primary Tenses Sequence Main verb Subordinate Subj. Primary present present (contemporary time/time after main verb) future perfect (has_ed/have_ed) perfect (time prior to main verb) future perfect

  16. Secondary Tenses Sequence Main verb Subordinate Subj. Secondary/ Historical imperfect imperfect (contemporary time/ time after main verb) pluperfect (time before main verb) perfect (___ed/did__) pluperfect

  17. Primary Tenses videō quid faciās I see what you are doing vidēbō quid faciās I shall see what you are doing vīderō quid faciās I shall have seen what you are doing vīdī quid faciās I have seen what you are doing.

  18. Primary Tenses videō quid fēcerīs I see what you have done. vidēbō quid fēcerīs I shall see what you have done. vīderō quid fēcerīs I shall have seen what you have done. vīdī quid fēcerīs I have seen what you have done.

  19. Secondary Tenses vidēbam quid facerēs I saw what you were doing. vīdī quid facerēs I saw what you were doing. vīderam quid facerēs I had seen what you were doing.

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