AMERICAN IMPERIALISM

1. AMERICAN IMPERIALISM

2. SOL Practice Questions 1. What was the primary reason for Puritans to come to the colonies? • Seeking religious freedom • To extend the power of the Catholic Church • To monopolize the slave trade • To take a vacation from England 2. Which factor contributed most to the decimation of the native American population during colonization? • Drought • Disease • War • Flood

3. SOL Practice Questions 3. The colony of Rhode Island was founded by • Virginians opposed to the growing of tobacco • The Dutch, seeking to expand their empire • The Spanish, hoping to find gold • Dissenters of Puritans from Massachusetts 4. Which law passed after the French and Indian War prohibited settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains? • Protection Act of 1809 • Proclamation of 1763 • Stamp Act of 1765 • Intolerable Acts

4. Diplomacy Discussion • Diplomacy refers to relationships among countries. • Is diplomacy a good thing? Is it necessary? • What’s an example of diplomacy today?

5. Key Ideas • Many 20th Century American foreign policy issues have their origins in America’s emergence as a world power at the end of the 19th Century. • American intervention in WWI ensured its role as a world power. • Growth of international trade displayed American urge to build, innovate and explore new markets.

6. Isolationism vs. Imperialism • The idea that the U.S. should NOT be involved in affairs of other nations • The Western Hemisphere was to be left alone by Europe (Monroe Doctrine) • Expand to acquire new lands, materials, and markets for goods • Generally refers to colonization; making an “empire” • The U.S. would intervene in the Western Hemisphere

7. Imperialist Presidents Teddy Roosevelt William Howard Taft William McKinley

8. “Speak softly and carry a big stick…”-- Roosevelt proclaimed the U.S to become the police of the West.

9. Reasons Why America Expanded • Compete economically with Europe • Expansion as a natural right—including belief in cultural superiority • Need for new markets and new raw materials.

10. Imperialism in Latin America

11. Spanish-American War (1898)“a splendid little war” Yellow Journalists often exaggerated to “hype” the news in order to sell papers! • Caused by yellow journalism and economic interest in Cuba • Puerto Rico was annexed by U.S. • Annexed: added to • Cuba became a “protectorate” of the U.S. • U.S. could intervene in Cuban affairs Yellow journalists convinced Americans that Spain Had intentionally blew up the U.S.S. Maine in Havana Harbor

12. Where Are Puerto Rico and Cuba, Anyway?

13. Which of these is Yellow Journalism? 1. Man Gives Birth to a Healthy Baby Boy 2. President Opens Foreign Talks with Russia 3. Abraham Lincoln Was a Woman 4. Jesus Action Figure Heals the Sick 5. ISIS Fights to Recapture Mosul 6. Oprah Donates to Charity 7. Nazi UFOs to Attack U.S. 8. Snake with Human Head Found in Arkansas 9. News Reporter Eaten Alive by 80-Ft Dinosaur 10. Who Shot Kennedy? 11. Man’s Head Explodes in Barber’s Chair

14. The Panama Canal (1903) • Built by President Theodore Roosevelt • Assisted U.S. in trade and with Navy by connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans • U.S. encouraged Panama’s independence from Colombia in order to get access to the canal zone • U.S. gained right to build and run canal

15. Colombia

16. “Dollar Diplomacy” • President Taft urged banks and businesses to invest in Latin America countries • To discourage their reliance on European countries for economic assistance. • He promised U.S. would step in if civil unrest threatened American investments • This was a more passive imperialism

17. A Big Man’s Dollar Diplomacy

18. What’s Latin America?

19. Imperialism in Asia and the Pacific

20. Hawaii • In the late 1800s, the U.S. was interested in sugar plantations and a naval base for refueling in the Pacific • U.S. efforts deposed Hawaii’s monarch and created a new republican government • U.S. annexed Hawaii in 1898; it became a state in 1959

21. Hawaii’s Last Monarch • Queen Liliuokalani was the last monarch of the Hawaiian islands • Overthrown in 1893 • She was loved by her people and opposed the Americanization of her society.

22. Philippines • Annexed after Spanish American War (along with Puerto Rico) • Struggled as U.S. needed to fight Filipino Freedom Fighters who wanted independence • U.S. finally granted Philippine independence!

23. Opening the Door to China • By 1895, European nations had carved China into “spheres of influence”- places of political and economic domination, forbidding free trade • United States was fearful of being excluded from this trading opportunity with China, an important foreign market for American products.

24. Hay Says “Hay” to China After Opening the Door • Secretary of State John Hay proposed an “Open-Door” policy that would give equal trading rights in China to all countries. • Open-Door policy also urged all foreigners to obey Chinese law • This was a move to enhance fair competition

27. Growth in international trade occurred from the late 1800s to World War I: the first era of true “global economy.”

28. SOL Practice Questions 1. For what did Thomas Jefferson blame the King in the Declaration of Independence? • Ignoring the colonies and not providing strong leadership • Declaring war on the French, which Jefferson opposed • Being a tyrant and not looking after the rights of the colonists • Monopolizing the slave trade 2. Which of the following groups of people would have supported independence from England during colonial times? • Patriots • Federalists • Loyalists • Tories

29. SOL Practice Questions 3. Who said, “Give me liberty, or give me death”? • Thomas Jefferson • George Washington • Samuel Adams • Patrick Henry 4. George Washington’s ability to __________ helped America win its independence. • Defeat the British in every battle • Convince the French to become an ally • Keep the troops from quitting or being captured • Serve as the first President