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LBJ High School Pre-A.P. World History Mr. Broadus

LBJ High School Pre-A.P. World History Mr. Broadus. Archaeologists believe this is where one of the world’s first civilizations arose. Mesopotamia (today’s Iraq) – is known as the cradle of Civilization. TODAY’s OBJECTIVES:

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LBJ High School Pre-A.P. World History Mr. Broadus

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  1. LBJ High School Pre-A.P. World History Mr. Broadus Archaeologists believe this is where one of the world’s first civilizations arose. Mesopotamia (today’s Iraq) – is known as the cradle of Civilization. • TODAY’s OBJECTIVES: • Explain how the first agricultural settlements grew into cities (civilizations). • List the 5 characteristics of a civilization. • Describe how the early Mesopotamian cities – like Ur and others – exemplify early civilization. • AGENDA: **Please pick up handout on front table as you enter today!. • Using your homework, complete the handout chart. • Discussing your analysis of chart, “The Five Characteristics of Civilization” • CHAPTER 1 QUIZ !!! • ASSIGNMENT for NEXT TIME: • ALL: Read CH 2, Sections 1 pp. 26-32 in Textbook ! • REMINDER:TEXTBOOKS are REQUIRED in class EVERY DAY!

  2. CH 1, Section 3: Civilization! In Section 2, you read about how the development of agriculture led to a major change (a revolution) in human behavior. No longer hunting-gathering nomads, humans now began a settled way of life. These human “settlements” became “villages” became “towns” became “cities”….in other words, civilizations arose. Where do archaeologists believe was the earliest human civilization? Ur SW Asia (the Middle East) Fertile Crescent PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

  3. CH 1, Section 3: Civilization! Where do archaeologists believe was the earliest human civilization? Ur (the Sumerians) Map of the region, 4,000 B.C. SW Asia (the Middle East) Linking the Past to Current Events What country is located in this area today?

  4. Present-Day Political Map of the region.

  5. Archaeology at work: When Iraq became controlled by Britain following WWI, Leonard Woolley – known as the first “modern” archaeologist – led an expedition funded by the British Museum to excavate at Ur for the first time. In 1928 Woolley discovered a Royal Cemetery filled with remarkable finds. Harps from Ur (2,600 – 2,300 B.C) The Standard of Ur, (ca. 2,650-2,400 B.C.) is one of the most informative Sumerian objects of art that were discovered at Ur.

  6. [Handout] THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION: • Uruk – population of about 10,000, doubled in two centuries • Lagesh – population of about 19,000 • Umma – population of about 16,000 A. Advanced Cities Sumerian city life

  7. THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION: • Uruk – population of about 10,000, doubled in two centuries • Lagesh – population of about 19,000 • Umma – population of about 16,000 A. advanced Cities • Formal governments with officials and laws • Priests with both religious and political power B. The Sumerian city-state of Lagesh produced a remarkable number of statues of its kings as well as Sumerian literary hymns and prayers under the rule of Gudea (ca. 2150–2125 B.C.)

  8. THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION: • Uruk – population of about 10,000, doubled in two centuries • Lagesh – population of about 19,000 • Umma – population of about 16,000 A. advanced Cities • Formal governments with officials and laws • Priests with both religious and political power • A rigorous education system for training scribes. B. complex Institutions the Education system Government & Laws Institution – a long-lasting organization in a society. Religious hierarchy, symbols, rituals Economic system Sumerian boys being educated as scribes.

  9. THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION: • Uruk – population of about 10,000, doubled in two centuries • Lagesh – population of about 19,000 • Umma – population of about 16,000 A. advanced Cities • Formal governments with officials and laws • Priests with both religious and political power • A rigorous education system for training scribes. B. organized Institutions • By 3,000 B.C., the Sumerians had developed the wheel, the plow, • sewers, and the sailboat. C. Wooden sailboat, modeled after common Sumerian illustrations found near Ur. Reproduction of early Sumerian war chariot

  10. THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION: • Uruk – population of about 10,000, doubled in two centuries • Lagesh – population of about 19,000 • Umma – population of about 16,000 A. advanced Cities • Formal governments with officials and laws • Priests with both religious and political power • A rigorous education system for training scribes. B. organized Institutions • By 3,000 B.C., the Sumerians had developed the wheel, the plow, • sewers, and the sailboat. • Bronze weapons and body armor that gave the Sumerians a military • advantage over their enemies. C. This heavy gold helmet is exquisitely engraved to reproduce the curls of his hair and the bun at the back of his head. Royal Cemetery of Ur, about 2500 B.C. Iraq Museum, Baghdad. Spear throwers wearing helmets Sumerian clay fragment clearly depicting bronze helmets and even early phalanx formation. More on early Sumerian warfare, http://joseph_berrigan.tripod.com/id46.html

  11. THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION: • Uruk – population of about 10,000, doubled in two centuries • Lagesh – population of about 19,000 • Umma – population of about 16,000 A. advanced Cities • Formal governments with officials and laws • Priests with both religious and political power • A rigorous education system for training scribes. B. organized Institutions • By 3,000 B.C., the Sumerians had developed the wheel, the plow, • sewers and the sailboat. • Bronze weapons and body armor that gave the Sumerians a military • advantage over their enemies. • Engineered construction of ziggurats (huge tiered pyramid-shaped temple monuments) C. Interactive ziggurat, http://www.islamonline.net/english/In_Depth/Iraq_Aftermath/2003/07/article_02.shtml PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

  12. THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION: • Uruk – population of about 10,000, doubled in two centuries • Lagesh – population of about 19,000 • Umma – population of about 16,000 A. advanced Cities • Formal governments with officials and laws • Priests with both religious and political power • A rigorous education system for training scribes. B. organized Institutions • By 3,000 B.C., the Sumerians had developed the wheel, the plow, • sewers, and the sailboat. • Bronze weapons and body armor that gave the Sumerians a military • advantage over their enemies. • Engineered construction of ziggurats (huge tiered pyramid-shaped temple monuments) C. Technology Bronze-Age Weapons Wheel Sailboat Sumerian Achievements Plow Sewers Engineered construction of Ziggurats PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

  13. THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION: • Uruk – population of about 10,000, doubled in two centuries • Lagesh – population of about 19,000 • Umma – population of about 16,000 A. advanced Cities • Formal governments with officials and laws • Priests with both religious and political power • A rigorous education system for training scribes. B. organized Institutions • By 3,000 B.C., the Sumerians had developed the wheel, the plow, • sewers, and the sailboat. • Bronze weapons and body armor that gave the Sumerians a military • advantage over their enemies. • Engineered construction of ziggurats C. Technology • Sumeria had artisans (skilled workers who make goods by hand) – • i. e., metalworkers, weavers, potters, tanners D. PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

  14. THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION: • Uruk – population of about 10,000, doubled in two centuries • Lagesh – population of about 19,000 • Umma – population of about 16,000 A. advanced Cities • Formal governments with officials and laws • Priests with both religious and political power • A rigorous education system for training scribes. B. organized Institutions • By 3,000 B.C., the Sumerians had developed the wheel, the plow, • sewers, and the sailboat. • Bronze weapons and body armor that gave the Sumerians a military • advantage over their enemies. • Engineered construction of ziggurats C. Technology • Sumeria had artisans (skilled workers who make goods by hand) – • i. e., metalworkers, weavers, potters, tanners • Farmers and merchants engaged in trade of their goods • Those trained to be priests, soldiers, teachers, • government officials, and scribes. D. Scribes recording transactions in the city market. PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

  15. THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION: • Uruk – population of about 10,000, doubled in two centuries • Lagesh – population of about 19,000 • Umma – population of about 16,000 A. advanced Cities • Formal governments with officials and laws • Priests with both religious and political power • A rigorous education system for training scribes. B. organized Institutions • By 3,000 B.C., the Sumerians had developed the wheel, the plow, • sewers, and the sailboat. • Bronze weapons and body armor that gave the Sumerians a military • advantage over their enemies. • Engineered construction of ziggurats C. Technology • Sumeria had artisans (skilled workers who make goods by hand) – • i. e., metalworkers, weavers, potters, tanners • Farmers and merchants engaged in trade of their goods • Those trained to be priests, soldiers, teachers, • government officials, and scribes. D. specialized Workers PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

  16. THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION: • Uruk – population of about 10,000, doubled in two centuries • Lagesh – population of about 19,000 • Umma – population of about 16,000 A. advanced Cities • Formal governments with officials and laws • Priests with both religious and political power • A rigorous education system for training scribes. B. organized Institutions • By 3,000 B.C., the Sumerians had developed the wheel, the plow, • sewers, and the sailboat. • Bronze weapons and body armor that gave the Sumerians a military • advantage over their enemies. • Engineered construction of ziggurats C. Technology • Sumeria had artisans (skilled workers who make goods by hand) – • i. e., metalworkers, weavers, potters, tanners • Farmers and merchants engaged in trade of their goods • Those trained to be priests, soldiers, teachers, • government officials, and scribes. D. specialized Workers • Cuneiform tablets found in Sumeria record business transactions, • historical events from their past, their traditions and customs. E. Record-keeping PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

  17. THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION: • Uruk – population of about 10,000, doubled in two centuries • Lagesh – population of about 19,000 • Umma – population of about 16,000 A. advanced Cities • Formal governments with officials and laws • Priests with both religious and political power • A rigorous education system for training scribes. B. organized Institutions • By 3,000 B.C., the Sumerians had developed the wheel, the plow, • sewers, and the sailboat. • Bronze weapons and body armor that gave the Sumerians a military • advantage over their enemies. • Engineered construction of ziggurats C. Technology • Sumeria had artisans (skilled workers who make goods by hand) – • i. e., metalworkers, weavers, potters, tanners • Farmers and merchants engaged in trade of their goods • Those trained to be priests, soldiers, teachers, • government officials, and scribes. D. specialized Workers • Cuneiform tablets found in Sumeria record business transactions, • historical events from their past, their traditions and customs. E. Record-keeping A civilization is a complex culture that has developed, over time, these five characteristics. (Textbook, p. 18) PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

  18. Did you know… In its early history, each of the city-states of Sumeria had its own patron god. Ur, for instance, was the earthly home of the moon god, Nanna. And did you know, according to the Hebrew scriptures (the book of Genesis in the Christian Bible)… Ur was the birthplace of the biblical patriarch Abraham, who laid the groundwork for the first ever monotheistic religion – Judaism. PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

  19. THE FIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF A CIVILIZATION: • Uruk – population of about 10,000, doubled in two centuries • Lagesh – population of about 19,000 • Umma – population of about 16,000 A. • Formal governments with officials and laws • Priests with both religious and political power • A rigorous education system for training scribes. B. • By 3,000 B.C., the Sumerians had developed the wheel, the plow, • sewers, and the sailboat. • Bronze weapons and body armor that gave the Sumerians a military • advantage over their enemies. • Engineered construction of ziggurats C. • Sumeria had artisans (skilled workers who make goods by hand) – • i. e., metalworkers, weavers, potters, tanners • Farmers and merchants engaged in trade of their goods • Those trained to be priests, soldiers, teachers, • government officials, and scribes. D. • Cuneiform tablets found in Sumeria record business transactions, • historical events from their past, their traditions and customs. E. A civilization is _________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________. (Textbook, p. 18) PP Design of T. Loessin; Akins H.S.

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