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The Cold War

The Cold War. U.S. Focus After WWII. The War Against Communism Policy of Containment 1. Help the smaller countries resist Soviet/communist advances. 2. Wanted to stop the spread of communism

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The Cold War

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  1. The Cold War

  2. U.S. Focus After WWII The War Against Communism • Policy of Containment 1. Help the smaller countries resist Soviet/communist advances. 2. Wanted to stop the spread of communism • Ex: Sending money, arms, and generals to South Vietnam to fight against the Northern communists (Ho Chi Minh)

  3. President Truman • After WWII, Truman wanted to make sure a communist country never had the chance to cause as much damage as fascist Germany did in WWII. • He asked congress for economic aid to Turkey and Greece (whose governments were fighting communist rebels) to support his new Doctrine…

  4. The Truman Doctrine • Dedicated to uplifting anticommunist regimes around the world. • Many US citizens did not want to US to continue fighting Communism around the world • Others did not want to interfere in other countries affairs • Congress, however, quickly approved $400 million worth of aid

  5. Communism and Poverty • After WWII not only was communism spreading throughout the world but poverty as well. • In Western Europe many of the cities were in shambles. There was a shortage of jobs as well as food. • Main Question: • How can the U.S. help?

  6. The Marshall Plan • George Marshall was the U.S. Secretary of State • Wanted to help those in Western Europe who are living without shelter, jobs, and food. • Why?

  7. The Marshall Plan • An assistance program to help rebuild Western Europe. • Would provide food and machinery • 12.5 billion dollar program in 1948 • Any country left in shambles that was not communist received aid from the U.S.

  8. 1948-1955: Countries who received aid from the Marshall Plan • Great Britain • France • Italy • West Germany • Holland • Austria • Belgium • Greece • Denmark • Norway • Turkey • Ireland • Sweden • Portugal • Yugoslavia • Iceland • A Few More

  9. Case Study of Containment: The Korean War • Japan ruled Korea until WWII – Korea was split into occupying zones (north – Soviets; south – U.S.) like in Germany • North Korea: occupied by Soviets, led by communist leader Kim Il Sung • South Korea: occupied by U.S., led by democratic leader • U.S. and Soviets left in 1949 • North invaded South in 1950 and U.S. offered South support – sending military and money to fight the North Koreans

  10. The Korean War • U.S. General MacArthur led the attack into North Korea, pushing towards China • Communist China began aiding North Korea, in fear that the U.S. was getting too close • MacArthur defied Truman’s orders to not get too close to the Chinese border and so he was removed as the general and the war ended in 1953 in a stalemate (no territory changed hands)

  11. What did we achieve? • Korea before the war • Korea after the war

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