Conflict Resolution and PeaceBuilding 1

1. Conflict Resolution and PeaceBuilding 1 Moni McIntyre, Ph.D. Duquesne University Part 1 UNIT 3 Click here for instructions.

2. Instructions • Navigation through the course will occur by clicking on the following action buttons located in the lower right corner of each screen: The HOME button will be placed in the center of each slide and will bring you to the Table of Contents for further navigation. The NEXT and BACK buttons will move you through the course content. The EXIT button will be placed at the end of each Unit and will return you to the course menu.

3. Instructions • This course is meant to be self-paced, though there will be opportunities to interact with your local and global JPIC groups. • Course content and activities should be completed in the order that they are presented to maximize student success. • The Table of Contents will be your starting point for each Unit

4. Activity Icons • Each type of course activity has a unique icon located in the upper right corner of the screen. • In this course you will: Online journal Local discussion Read online Create doc Reflect Global discussion Watch video Quiz/test

5. PART1:ACADEMIC APPROACHES TO CONFLICTUnit 3:Conflict Transformation

6. Unit 3 Table of Contents This unit is divided into several components. Start with the Unit 3 Information OR click on the link below to navigate to the component where you left off. Revisit as needed. • Unit 3 Information • 3.1 The Psychology of Forgiveness and One’s Relationship with the Divine • 3.2 Global Discussion

7. What is this unit about? This unit explores a significant aspect of conflict transformation. Building upon the explanation given in the micro-lectures in Unit 1, the assigned reading discusses forgiveness, especially as it appears in major world religions.

8. Aims of the Unit • To realize the centrality of forgiveness in all of the major world religions • To understand that persons are the agents of forgiveness regardless of their religion • To explore the contours of religious fundamentalism as they affect conflict transformation

9. What You Will Learn • The importance of forgiveness in conflict • The fact that religions are not essentially the same • The connection between forgiveness and one’s relationship with the Divine

10. 3.1The Psychology of Forgiveness and One’s Relationship with the Divine

11. Reading #2 Click here to go to Gumberg Library’s E-Reserves to find Reading #2. Then: >select instructor JPIC >choose Course Number JPIC210 >enter the course password from your coordinator >choose Reading #2: Forgiveness and Reconciliation: Psychological Pathways to Conflict Transformation and Peace Building ed. Ani Kalayjian and Raymond F. Paloutzian. Chapter 4: “The Psychology of Forgiveness in the World Religions,” pp. 55-70. New York: Springer, 2009. Electronic Book. OPTIONAL: Reading#2 Study Guide **Move to the Self-graded Test on Reading #2 with Next arrow.

12. Reading #2 Study Guide As you read “The Psychology of Forgiveness in the World Religions,” pay attention to the following important concepts: • Forgiveness and world religions • Religion and the self • Religion and our understanding of the world’s problems • Religious fundamentalism and forgiveness • Costs of not practicing forgiveness • Approaches to practicing forgiveness **Back to Reading #2 information

13. Self-graded test on Reading #2 Directions: • Click on thewordsof the best answer. Correct answers are drawn directly from the material in the Reading(s). • When the answer is correct, you will see a • If the answer is incorrect, a will show. • Use the to move to the next question. **Start 7 Question Self-graded test

14. Q1: The topic of forgiveness occupies a central place in • All of the major world religions • Some of the major world religions • None of the major world religions • None of the above

15. OOPS!! The answer you chose was incorrect. The correct answer is… A (Page 55) The topic of forgiveness occupies a central place in All of the major world religions.

16. CORRECT!! Well done. The topic of forgiveness occupies a central place in All of the major world religions. Let’s go to the next question!

17. Q2. Religions in themselves • Facilitate forgiveness • Discourage forgiveness • Impede processes of forgiveness • None of the above

18. OOPS!! The answer you chose was incorrect. The correct answer is… D (Page 56) Religions in themselves None of the above

19. CORRECT!! Well done. Religions in themselves None of the above Let’s go to the next question!

20. Q3. Religions are deeply embedded in the social, cultural, and psychological. • True • False

21. OOPS!! The answer you chose was incorrect. The correct answer is… A (Page 56) Religions are deeply embedded in the social, cultural, and psychological. True

22. CORRECT!! Well done. Religions are deeply embedded in the social, cultural, and psychological. True Let’s go to the next question!

23. Q4. Whatever term religion uses to describe it, all religions affirm that something has gone awry with human beings and the Divine or pattern of the universe. • True • False

24. OOPS!! The answer you chose was incorrect. The correct answer is… A (Page 56) Whatever term religion uses to describe it, all religions affirm that something has gone awry with human beings and the Divine or pattern of the universe. True

25. CORRECT!! Well done. Whatever term religion uses to describe it, all religions affirm that something has gone awry with human beings and the Divine or pattern of the universe. True Let’s go to the next question!

26. Q5. Religions are essentially the same thing presented in different linguistic and cultural garb, just different paths to some unitive destination. • True • False

27. OOPS!! The answer you chose was incorrect. The correct answer is… B (Page 60) Religions are essentially the same thing, resented up in different linguistic and cultural garb, just different paths to some unitive destination. False

28. CORRECT!! Well done. Religions are essentially the same thing, resented up in different linguistic and cultural garb, just different paths to some unitive destination. False Let’s go to the next question!

29. Q6. Religious fundamentalism, i.e., holding defensive attitudes toward one’s beliefs, is positively related to pro-forgiveness attitudes but not to forgiveness behaviors. • True • False

30. OOPS!! The answer you chose was incorrect. The correct answer is… A (Page 61) Religious fundamentalism, i.e., holding defensive attitudes toward one’s beliefs, is positively related to pro-forgiveness attitudes but not to forgiveness behaviors. True

31. CORRECT!! Well done. Religious fundamentalism, i.e., holding defensive attitudes toward one’s beliefs, is positively related to pro-forgiveness attitudes but not to forgiveness behaviors. True Let’s go to the next question!

32. Q7. Which one of the following is NOT true? • According to the world religions, the cost of not forgiving others ranges from social exclusion to genocide or outright demonization of “the other.” • Religious ideals mean little if they do not give rise to personal and social change. • Men appear to be more willing than women to consider forgiveness as a way to respond to a hurt and forgive a specific hurtful event. • Forgiveness matters because salvation and knowledge of the Divine or cosmic law is in part dependent upon the believer’s ability and willingness to pardon others.

33. OOPS!! The answer you chose was incorrect. The correct answer is… C (Page 68) Which statement is NOT true? Men appear to be more willing than women to consider forgiveness as a way to respond to a hurt and forgive a specific hurtful event.

34. CORRECT!! Well done. Which statement is NOT true? Men appear to be more willing than women to consider forgiveness as a way to respond to a hurt and forgive a specific hurtful event. Let’s go to the next question!

35. You have completed your Self-graded test on Reading #2 Continue to the next activity of this course. Return to take the Self-graded test again.

36. 3.2Global Discussion

37. Global Discussion Create a Discussion Board (DB) entry with the following: • Share a personal experience of conflict. • Describe it briefly and explain how you handled it. • How might you have handled it differently? • After posting your initial entry, respond to at least THREE other student entries in a meaningful way. Ready to post your Discussion Board (DB) entry? >Clickhere to go to JPIC 210 Wiki. >Sign in so that you can post your DB entry. >Type your response in the reply box at the bottom of the page.

38. Unit Summary This unit looked at forgiveness in the context of conflict transformation. Persons, not religions, decide how important forgiveness is in the concrete context of conflict. World religions have similar components, but they are not the same in essence.

39. You have completed Unit 3 This completes PART 1 – Academic Approaches to Conflict. Please return to the Table of Contents using the HOME button to review any material or EXIT to the course menu.