Balancing Nationalism & Sectionalism

1. The Era of Good Feelings Balancing Nationalism & Sectionalism

4. The Story of Eli Whitney • Creates technology that makes it possible use interchangeable parts. • Before- 300 guns per year. • After -2000 guns per year.

5. Section 1: Regional Economies Create Differences The Factory System & Mass Production The American Industrial Revolution Social and Economic changes in The U.S. ...

6. So How Did the Industrial RevolutionHappen in America England Industrialized The Embargo Act of 1807 War of 1812 The American Industrial Revolution Americans invest in their own factories rather than English.

7. Economic Systems Develop

8. The North • New England industrialized • Most farms were small, family run. • In the Northwest they grew grains and livestock which needed no slaves.

9. Sectionalism: Northern Leaders Daniel Webster, Massachusetts J.Q. Adams, Massachusetts Martin Van Buren, New York

10. The South • The Cotton gin makes cotton profitable. • Plantation owners bought more land and slaves to increase profits. • 1820: LA, MS, AL are “the Cotton Kingdom” • Slavery expanded from 700,000 to 1,200,000.

11. Sectionalism: Southern Leaders • John C. Calhoun, South Carolina • William Crawford, Georgia

12. The West

13. Sectionalism: Western Leaders • Andrew Jackson, Tennessee • William Henry Harrison, Indiana • Henry Clay, Kentucky • Thomas Hart Benton , Missouri

14. Henry Clay Speaker of the House Tariff of 1816 Second bank of the US 1816-1836 Internal improvements at the federal expense The American System, Nationalistic Economic Program

15. The American System, Nationalistic Economic Program • Henry Clay (1777 - 1852) • US Senatorfrom Kentucky • Speaker of the US House of Representatives(Kentucky) • Secretary of State under John Quincy Adams • Perennial Presidential Loser • Lost to President John Quincy Adams in 1824, • Lost to President Andrew Jackson in 1832 • Lost to President James K. Polk in 1844

16. Proposed to help America stronger and to unite the regions. 3 steps: Develop Transportation Create a protective tariff Resurrect the National Bank Transportation: Erie Canal The National Road Tariff of 1816 Cheap British goods Tariff raises their prices. Not as popular in the South National Bank Supported by all sides to improve the economy. Clay’s American System

19. The National [Cumberland] Road

21. The Era of Good Feelings

22. Section 2: • Gibbons v. Ogden • McCulloch v. Maryland • Fletcher v. Peck • Dartmouth v. Woodward What were they? Why are they important?

23. Gibbons v. Ogden Aaron Ogden Thomas Gibbons

24. Mc Culloch v Maryland • What was it? A challenge of the U.S. Bank by the State of Maryland • Who was it between? The State of Maryland and the U.S. Government • What did it concern? The right of the U.S. Bank to “exist” • What was the outcome? The U.S. Government is Supreme

25. -Constitutionality of the Bank of the United States (BUS) was in questionBank not SPECIFICALLY mentioned in the Constitution“The power to tax is the power to destroy” Mc Culloch v Maryland

26. Dartmouth College v. Woodward • What was it? An attempt by the State of New Hampshire to make Dartmouth College “public”. • Who was it between? The State of New Hampshire ( rep. by the Sec’y of the NEW Bd. Of Trustees) and the Board of Trustees of the Dartmouth College • What did it concern? Contract Law • What was the outcome? Contracts cannot be overturned by outside parties – Contract Clause

27. Fletcher v. Peck • What was it? : One of the first cases where the Supreme court overturned a state law. • Who was it between? : Two private citizens • What did it concern? : Georgia sold land (Peck). Later when corruption was discovered, they overturned the sale. Fletcher bought land from Peck and sued. • What was the outcome? : The Supreme court said that the state had no right to overturn the sale.

28. Dartmouth College v. Woodward • New Hampshire wanted to alter Dartmouth Charter from private to public college • Ruled that states could not alter contracts, regardless of age or condition of when contract was made • Created the need to place clauses in contracts for revision or revocation

29. Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy • John Q. Adams ( Secretary of State) had very nationalistic policies. • Adams-Onis Treaty • Convention of 1818 • Rush-Bagot Treaty • Monroe Doctrine

30. Adams-Onis Treaty

31. Adams – Onis Treaty 1817-1819 • What was it? Transfer of Florida • Who was it between? Spain and the U.S. • What did it concern? Seminole Indians • What was the outcome? The U.S got Florida

32. The Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 “The Transcontinental Treaty”

33. Rush-Bagot Treaty

34. Rush-Bagot Treaty 1817 What was it?:Disarmament Pact Who was it between?:Great Britain and the U.S. What did it concern?: The Great Lakes Region What was the outcome?:Created the Longest unfortified/peaceful border in the world

35. The Convention of 1818 Convention of 1818

36. Convention of 1818 • What was it? Further improved relations between the U.S. and Great Britain • Who was it between? U.S. & Great Britain • What did it concern? • 1. Fishing Rights • 2. Joint occupation of the Oregon Country • 3. Set boundary at the 49th Parallel • What was the outcome? Great Peace between the U.S. and Great Britain

37. The Convention of 1818

38. The West and N.W. 1816-1824

39. Convention of 1818 Rush-Bagot Treaty Adams-Onis Treaty

41. US Population Density 1810 1820

42. The Election

48. The Monroe Doctrine • What was it? A unilateral decree that the U.S. had the right to REFUSE European expansion into the Western Hemisphere • Who was it between? The U.S. & Europe • What did it concern? Further European Imperialism • What was the outcome? European nations NEVER violated it

50. Missouri Compromise 1820 • What was it? A dilemma over admission of Missouri ( a slave state) when there was no Free-State available. • Who was it between? Northern and Southern factions in Congress • What did it concern? Maintaining the balance between Slave and Free States • What was the outcome? The “balance” is maintained