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DISEASES

DISEASES. TYPES OF DISEASES. A DISEASE IS AN UNHEALTHY CONDITION OF THE BODY OR MIND. A COMMUNICABLE DISEASE CAN BE SPREAD. A NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE DOES NOT SPREAD. MOST COMMUNICABLE DISEASES ARE CAUSED BY GERMS. DISEASE-CAUSING GERMS ARE CALLED PATHOGENS.

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DISEASES

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  1. DISEASES

  2. TYPES OF DISEASES • A DISEASE IS AN UNHEALTHY CONDITION OF THE BODY OR MIND. • A COMMUNICABLE DISEASE CAN BE SPREAD. • A NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE DOES NOT SPREAD. • MOST COMMUNICABLE DISEASES ARE CAUSED BY GERMS. • DISEASE-CAUSING GERMS ARE CALLED PATHOGENS. • AN INFECTION IS A RESULT OF PATHOGENS INVADING THE BODY, MULTIPLYING, AND HARMING SOME OF YOUR BODY’S CELLS.

  3. COMMON GERMS • VIRUSES- SMALLEST AND SIMPLEST DISEASE-CAUSING ORGANISMS • BACTERIA- ONE- CELLED ORGANISMS LARGER THAN VIRUSES • PROTOZOA- ONE-CELLED ORGANISMS MORE COMPLEX THAN BACTERIA • FUNGI- ONE – OR - MANY CELLED PRIMITIVE ORGANISMS SUCH AS MOLDS AND YEAST

  4. HOW GERMS SPREAD • DIRECT CONTACT • INDIRECT CONTACT • CONTACT WITH ANIMALS OR INSECTS • FOOD AND WATER

  5. FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE • BODY BARRIERS- skin and mucous membranes are lined inside of body parts such as your nose, mouth, and throat. Body fluids, such as tears and saliva contain chemicals that destroy certain germs. • GENERAL DEFENSES- if germs get past these barriers, your body responds with general reactions. Special blood cells surround pathogens and destroy them. A chemical is released to stop viruses from reproducing. Fever kills some pathogens and makes it hard for others to reproduce.

  6. YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM • Immune System- is a group of cells, tissues, and organs that fight disease. • Lymphocytes – are white blood cells that attack pathogens. • Some lymphocytes attack germs directly, others produce antibodies. • Antibodies are chemicals produced specifically to fight a particular invading substance. • Resistance to infection is called immunity.

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