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Emotion and Motivation I

Emotion and Motivation I. Emotions: A brief overview. Traditionally Emotions contrast with reason Reason is logical Emotion causes us to deviate from rationality Is this true?. Emotions. Emotions are connected to motivation We cannot access the motivational system

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Emotion and Motivation I

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  1. Emotion and Motivation I

  2. Emotions: A brief overview • Traditionally • Emotions contrast with reason • Reason is logical • Emotion causes us to deviate from rationality • Is this true?

  3. Emotions • Emotions are connected to motivation • We cannot access the motivational system • Emotions provide us with a conscious view • Approach and Avoidance motivations • Approach: Desirable end states • Avoidance: Undesirable end states • Physiologically separate

  4. Dimensions of emotion • Valence: Positive or negative • Motivation: Approach or avoidance • Approach emotions • Positive: Happiness • Negative: Sadness • Avoidance emotions • Positive: Relief • Negative: Anxiety/Fear

  5. Types of emotion • Anticipatory emotions • Desire • Dread • Outcome emotions • Happiness, sadness, anxiety, regret, relief

  6. Emotion drives evaluation • Factors that affect emotions influence choices • Often this is a good thing • Risk is perceived as anxiety • This may be why probabilities in lotteries don’t affect people much. • People prefer to delay resolution of low-probability lotteries • There is not that much anxiety • Lots of anticipation • Desire often correlates with the goodness of a choice

  7. Choice and (mis)attribution • We experience emotions • We must explain where they come from • Often it is obvious • Sometimes it is not • Dutton & Aron and the bridge • Strack & Clore and life satisfaction • Misattribution effects in choice • Name-letter effects • Mere exposure effects

  8. Attitudes and Behavior • Attitude-behavior (in)consistency • Goodness of emotion as a predictor • How much is current situation like the choice situation? • People have difficulty judging future preferences • What ice cream will you want tomorrow?

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