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Chapter 13 European Middle Ages

MikeCarlo
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Chapter 13 European Middle Ages

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    1. Chapter 13 European Middle Ages Germanic Kingdoms Unite Under Charlemagne Section 1

    3. Changes That Altered Government, Economy, and Culture Disruption of Trade- Merchants faced invasions. The breakdown of trade destroyed Europe’s cities and money became scarce. Downfall of Cities- Cities were abandoned as centers of administration. Population Shifts- Nobles moved to rural areas. Cities were left without leadership

    4. The Decline of Learning Germanic invaders could not read or write. Church officials were the only literate people. The Greek language was lost. The Germanic tribes had no written language.

    5. Loss of a Common Language Different dialects developed and became apart of everyday speech. French, Spanish, and other Roman based languages developed from Latin.

    6. Germanic Kingdoms Emerge Germanic kingdoms replaced Roman provinces. The Church provided order and security. Personal loyalty bounded Germanic tribes together. Franks- Germanic people who held power in the Roman province of Gaul.

    7. The Franks Under Clovis Clovis- Germanic leader of the Franks. Clovis brought Christianity to the region. Clovis led his warriors into battles against other Germanic armies. The Church in Rome supported Clovis. Clovis united the Franks into one Kingdom and this marked the beginning of a powerful partnership.

    8. Germanic Peoples Adopt Christianity Politics and missionaries were important in spreading Christianity. Many missionaries risked their lives to spread Christianity. Monasteries- religious communities. Monks and Nuns followed the religious way of life.

    9. A European Empire Evolves Small kingdoms emerged all over Europe. The Franks controlled the strongest and largest kingdoms. Clovis laid down the foundations for this kingdom. Major domo- mayor of the palace; became the most powerful person in the kingdom. Charles Martel- held more power than the king; extended the Franks reign to the north, south and east. Martel’s Battle of Tours halted Muslim invasion and made him a Christian hero. Carolingian Dynasty- began the reign of Frankish rulers.

    10. Charlemagne Takes Center Stage In 771 Charles, known as Charlemagne, took control of the Frankish empire. He conquered lands in the south and east; he spread Christianity. He reunited western Europe. Charlemagne became the most powerful king in western Europe. Pope Leo crowned him emperor in 800.

    11. Charlemagne’s Government Limited authority of nobles. Sent out royal agents to make sure counties were being ran justly. He kept a close watch on estates, settled disputes, and rewarded faithful followers. One of his greatest accomplishments was encouraging learning. Before he died around 814 he crowned his son Louis to rule. Louis was very ineffective and this led to the fall of the Carolingian empire.

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