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15.3 Evidence of Evolution

15.3 Evidence of Evolution. Homologous features Analogous features Vestigial structures. Homologous feature s. · Similar features that have same structures but different functions . They come from the same structures in the embryo.

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15.3 Evidence of Evolution

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  1. 15.3 Evidence of Evolution • Homologous features • Analogous features • Vestigial structures

  2. Homologous features · Similar features that have same structures but different functions. They come from the same structures in the embryo. · Indicates that different species shared a common ancestor. • Ex. P.289 fig. 15-7. Penguin, alligator, human and bat.

  3. Analogous Features • · Features which have different structures but similar functions. Shows no common ancestor. • Ex. P. 290 wings of hummingbird and wings of humming moth.

  4. Vestigial Structures ·Features which serve no function.   Exs. Tailbone, appendix, nictitating membrane. · These features use to be useful to an ancestor. · Whales are probably descended from a land animal. Some whales have vestigial hind legs.

  5. Coevolution ·  The change of 2 or more species in close association with each other. *Parasites with their hosts. *Predator with prey. *Tropical bat with its flower it feeds on p. 291

  6. Convergent Evolution vs. Divergent Evolution A. Convergent evolution *Shark and porpoise. They look similar but not closely related. Have analogous fins. Have same phenotypes which means they look the same.

  7. B. Divergent Evolution *Dogs. They all are closely related but look different. 1.   Adaptive radiation *many related species evolve from a single ancestor 2.   Artificial selection *Breeding for specific phenotypes like in dogs. *Gives a variety of species *Speeds up divergent evolution.

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