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The Middle Age 400 – 1500 AD

The Middle Age 400 – 1500 AD. Medieval period: from the Latin word (middle) and aevum (age) Sometimes incorrectly called the dark ages. Single greatest force that bound Europe together. Baptized at birth, performed weddings, conducted funerals.

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The Middle Age 400 – 1500 AD

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  1. The Middle Age 400 – 1500 AD Medieval period: from the Latin word (middle) and aevum (age) Sometimes incorrectly called the dark ages.

  2. Single greatest force that bound Europe together. • Baptized at birth, performed weddings, conducted funerals. • Largest land holders in Western Europe during the Middle Ages. • Greatest power of the church was excommunication • Clergy did not participate in warfare, but they did control the Lord’s with their types of weapons. The Power of the Church

  3. Feudalism Kings were weak and had little control over their kingdoms. Because of this, hundreds of vassals (loyal noblemen- men who pledged his loyalty to the King. Their titles – Prince, Baron, Duke, or Count) became independent rulers of their own fiefs (estates). Under feudalism control, the vassal had political , economic, judicial, and military power. They collected taxes and fines, acted as judge in legal disputes, maintained an army of knights within his territory. Noblemen – born into the noble class Knight- spend his life as a professional warrior Vassal – promised to serve the King Lord – gave part of the land to persons who promised to serve him

  4. What are serfs?

  5. Life of the people (900’s) • Europe was poor and under developed and thinly populated. Farms were covered with forests or swamps • Population was thin because war, disease, famine, and low birth rate. • Life span average of 30 years. • Little travel or communication.

  6. Life of the people (900’s) • Three types of people in Western Europe: • Lords • Clergy • Peasants

  7. High Middle Ages (1000- late 1200) • Government was better • Population increased • Better ways of farming • Traveled beyond their borders Towns: small, outside the walls of the castle of the church. Walls built around the towns. Crowded towns because the walls. Limited land because the walls. Buildings went up at least six stories to make use of the land. Streets crowded and filthy and unpaved. If paved, cobblestone. People took servants with them at night for protection.

  8. Learning and the arts: People learned to strengthen the power of the church. Learned Greek and Arabic writings. Changed them into Latin. Greek Philosopher, Aristotle. Learned at Cathedrals.

  9. Late Middle Ages (1300 – 1500) • Gave way to modern Europe • Overlapped the Renaissance period. • Art and Learning Advance but everything else came to a halt 1. Wars and natural disaster caused the halt • (100 years wars) • 2. Breakdown of feudalism and manoralism • caused Civil War. • 3. Black Plague deaths

  10. The Black Plaque

  11. The Spread of the Black Plaque

  12. Music In the Middle Ages: • Step movement • Centered around the tonic note • Harmonic system based on Greek modes or major and minor scales • Monophonic • Polyphony – church played and important part in this development • Religious • Vocal • Limited range • (organum was original name ) adding a second part to the chant • Offices and Mass

  13. Secular: Troubadour songs were about courtly love • French forms: Rondeau, Virelai, Ballade, Lai were based on poetic forms • Italian forms: Madrigal, Caccia, Ballata

  14. Drama in the Middle Ages: Medieval Theatre The church had banished drama and for 400 years theatre did not exist. There were sparse forlk festivals, wandering jugglers and minstrels who tried to keep theatre geoing but the Church stopped them as well. In the 9th century, the church re-introduced drama into the mass and called them tropes. It began in France and was designed to help the illiterate understand the service. Pantomimes gave way to dialogue, first in Latin and then in common language. Tropes were first performed by Priests and Choirboys.

  15. The stage were mansions or platforms. The audience moved from one mansion to the other for different scenes. • Three types of plays: • Mystery plays-----Bible stories • Miracle plays-----Lives of Saints • Morality plays---Stories teaching right from wrong • Plays became more popular and the mansions were moved into the market place.

  16. Passion play- depicted scenes from Christ’s life (last days) Oberammergau- passion play in Germany. 300 years ago residents of the small village prayed to be spared the black plague. If they were, the would periodically perform the Passion Play. Every 10 years, still today it happens. Missed in 1940 during WW II.

  17. Middle Ages Conclusion

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