Third Workshop on Maritime Affairs in the Adriatic Ionian Macro-Region

1. 3 Knowledge based decision making in support of blue growth: highlights from the ESPON 2013 ESaTDORproject Third Workshop on Maritime Affairs in the Adriatic Ionian Macro-Region Portorož, 17 September 2012 BlankaBartol Ministry of the Infrastructure and Spatial Planning, Spatial Planning Directorate ESPON contact point

2. Structure of the presentation • ESPON – European Obsevartion Network for territorial development and cohesion: mission and coverage • Seas and territorial cohesion • ESPON 2013 project on European Seas – ESaTDOR: main findings and highlights with the focus on the Mediterranean Sea

3. ESPON 2013 • EU territorial cooperation program within objective 3 of the Cohesion policy 2007-2013 • Coverage: EU27 + Norway, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Iceland • Mission: • Support policy development in relation to territorial cohesion and a harmonious territorial development • Provide comparable information, evidence, analyses and scenarios on territorial structures and dynamics • Reveal territorial capital and potentials in support of the competitiveness of regions and larger territories • Key principles: • Policy demand defines applied research themes • Use of results by stakeholders important • Improve the European knowledge base on territorial development and cohesion, including data, indicators, typologies, models and maps • Support European-wide understanding and involvement by communicating new comparable information for policy development

4. Territorial cohesion – growing role of the seas • Territorial Cohesion – the EU objective along economic and social cohesion • Important instrument : EU Cohesion policy – up to now mainly focused on land territorial development • Growing awareness: importance of land-sea interactions forterritorialcohesion • Seapotentials (and risks) to be understood as part of the complex development potentials of „land“ • EU seas - new potentials, new opportuinities, new challenges and new risks • Important: integrated and place based approach to (sea/land) development supported with territorial knowledge

5. ESPON ESaTDOR European Seas and Territorial Development, Opportuinities and Risks • Applied research project • Phase: draft final report to be published on ESPON web side • Focus: 6 EU seas (Artctic Sea, Baltic Sea, North Sea, Black Sea, Atlantic Sea, Mediterranean Sea) • Objectives of the project: • Map different types of sea use across Europe with the objective of creating a typology (or typologies) of different types of coastal/sea regions, drawing upon existing ESPON terrestrial typologies as appropriate; • Identify various development opportunities and risks for different types of sea/ coastal region; • Explore best practice examples of terrestrial-marine and maritime governance to provide advice and guidance on how these critical assets can be efficiently, effectively and democratically managed; and • Makepolicy recommendations and identify further areas for applied policy research designed to maximize the opportunities of and minimize the human impacts on the critical marine assets of Europe.

6. European Regional Sea Boundaries used in ESaTDOR

7. ESaTDOR: current situation in Meditteranean Sea Economic use Greates share (52%) of people working in coastal or marine tourism (30% of the world’s international tourism) Fishing - a key industry (Turkey, Italy, Spain) Recreational boating, navy, coastguard Cluster of shipping building and other marine industries linked to key naval establishments

8. ESaTDOR: current situation in Meditteranean Sea Energy cables and Pipelines Major centers of oil and gas production (land based – North Africa, some small offshore fields) → major pipelines to support EU demand Limited wind and wave offshore renewable energy but growing Important telecomunications cables (mailny E-W, some N-S) Environment Biodiversity hotspot Good progress with special area protection made in W basin Organic pollution – major issue, heightened by seasonal tourism, pollution hotspots in areas with high eutropiic conditions Bathing water standards – good progress, to be furthered in E and S Med. Basin Challenge → alien species around key shipping lines, major ports and areas of aquaculture – NW Med. And Adriatic Sea

9. ESaTDOR: current situation in Meditteranean Sea • Transport • Key E-W route → 30% of world maritime traffic: passing through to other areas, including North Sea ports • Short sea shipping between MED destinations is important • Cruise trade is significant and growing (some largest ports: Barcelona, Civitavecchia, Palma de Mallorca, Venice, supported by many smaller destiantions) Distinctive character: „The Meditteranean is both a bidiversity and cultural hotspot. It is of global importance for tourism and a major global routeway for east west trade.“

10. ESaTDOR: Composite maps for flows, environmental pressures and economic significance • Left: Flows Composite Map Right: Econimic Use Composite Map • Middle: Environmental Composite Map

11. ESaTDOR: Schematic typology on the basis of cold and hot spots Left and Middle - Hot/cold spots: Sea - Environmental pressure and Flows Land – Economic Significance Right - Typology: European Core Regional Hub Transition Rural Wilderness

12. RegionalSeasopportunitiesandrisks Left: Wave power potential Right: Total number of invasive spices per grid

13. Regional Seas opportunities and risks in Med. Opportunities Tourism development Good Environmental status across the sea maintains and enhances tourism potential Ports and shipping Potential to increase the share of global shipping activities as a gateway to Europe and benefit from more short sea shipping Energy related development Improved strategic importance of the sea as oil and gas transported from N. Africa to Europe, through new pipelined Governance Longstanding collaboration to environmental Quality provides opportunities for further collaboration Risks Over-reliance on particular maritime sectors The over reliance of some coastal locations on toursim might make these economies vulnerable due either toa general downturn in the tourism economy in general or a decline in the quality of a local offering Lack of support of landward infrastructure The potential of short sea shipping limited by the lack and costs of land based infrastructure Negative environmental impacts of intensified use of coastal and maritime areas Poor environmental status potentially adversely affects traditional maritime activities of fishing and tourism

14. ESaTDOR: Adriatic Sea • Most endangered region in the Meditteranean, highly sensitive marine area • Economic sigificance: tourism and recreation • Cultural treasures of the world • Major transport hub for energy resources • Western coast: highly developed industrial areas • Eastern coast: landscape and environment heritage → increasing development processes → impacts • Fishing important activity, but declined in past years • A number of acute problems in Adriatic Sea and coastal regions: eutrophication, over-fishing, pollution, shipping, coastal development and tourism • Population growth in coastal areas • Important governance mechanisms already established – good basis for Macroregionalstrategy

15. ESaTDORPolicyrecommendations • Data and mapping • Coherence in Sea boundaries definition → reliable multithematic Sea maps in support of better informed marine planning decisions • Sharing of reliable and consistent datasets → precondition for providing of the stauts and trends • Seascape management dependent on many factors → need to work on a broader extent • Reliable and broad scale fisheries datasets → available publicily for assessment • Maritime economy • Cluster development in maritime sectors supported by R and education institutions/businesses/stakeholders; stimulate better cooperation between industries; creation, sharing and transferof knowledge • Environmental friendly extractive industries; implement safety and security, develop emergency planning and response (i.e. Adriatic) • Develop tourism policies which support CC and environmental protection; develop all year round tourism industry • Fisheries policies that prevent overfishing, sustainable seafood industry • Data! • Energy, cables,

16. ESaTDORPolicyrecommendations • Energy, cables, pipelines • Set criteria for sustainable exploration and exploitation • Europe wide data gathering on spatial patters of offshore oil and gas production andsupply • Governance arrangements with surrounding regions • Marine renewables exploitation plans and forecast • Promotion of marine RE potential • Potential cluster assessment for the development of marine RE • Strategy for transnational offshore grids (North Sea) • Assessment of long-distance gas pipeline options • Assessment of possibility of long-term subsea carbon storage • Program of public information • Environment • Extend network of multi use marine protected areas • Integrate MSFD and INSPIRE requirements and terminology • Integration of MSFD and EEA approaches to DPSIR

17. ESaTDORPolicyrecommendations • Transport • Promote marine transport for intra EU transport • Support better integration of ports and hinterlands • Facilitate the development of short-sea shipping • Improve connections with land water-way transport • Improve environmental performance • Improve marine safety • Enhance marine security • Improve data on marine transport • Summary Med • Stakeholder capacity building • Improving data collections and availability • Resolution of jurisdictional disputes • Development of a common strategy • Realising key opportunities • Governance recommendations – addressed to different audience (general and scientific community, EU, ESPON/technical studies, Regional Seas/governance arrangements, sectors and activities, nationals and subnational administrations • Different

18. Slovenian ESPON contactpoint: • Blanka.bartol@gov.si • www.cilj3.gov.si • Detailedprojectinformation: • www.espon.euandMichaela.gensheimer@espon.eu • ESaTDORTransnational Project Group, leadby David Shaw, Universityof Liverpool • daveshaw@liv.ac.uk