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Cycles of Matter Water & Carbon Cycles Honors Biology Mr. Lee Room 320. Objectives. Describe how matter cycles among the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem Describe the water cycle Describe the carbon cycle. Introduction. Organisms need water, minerals, and other compounds too
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Cycles of MatterWater & Carbon CyclesHonors BiologyMr. LeeRoom 320
Objectives • Describe how matter cycles among the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem • Describe the water cycle • Describe the carbon cycle
Introduction • Organisms need water, minerals, and other compounds too • 95% of most organisms are made up of just 4 elements: • Oxygen • Carbon • Hydrogen • Nitrogen
Recycling in the Biosphere • Matter is recycled within and between the ecosystems • Biochemical cycles: how matter is passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another • Biological systems do not use up matter, they transform it: • Assembled into living tissue • Passed out of the body as waste products
The Water Cycle • All living things require water • Water moves between the ocean, atmosphere, and land • Evaporation is the process where water changes from liquid form to an atmospheric gas • Water can also enter the atmosphere by evaporating from leaves of a plant in the process of transpiration
The Water Cycle… • As warm moist air rises, it cools and forms clouds • When the droplets become large enough, the water returns to Earth’s surface in the form of precipitation • The rain eventually enters a river or stream, and then runs off to the ocean • Some of the rain seeps into the soil, some goes to ground water, while some is absorbed by plants
Nutrient Cycles • All the chemical substances that an organism needs to sustain life are its nutrients • Primary producers usually obtain nutrients in simple inorganic forms from their environment • Consumers obtain nutrients from eating other organisms • Three important cycles are: • Carbon cycle • Nitrogen cycle • Phosphorus cycle
Carbon Cycle • Carbon is a key ingredient of living tissues • Four main types of processes move carbon through its cycle: • Biological process: photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition take up & release CO2 and O2 • Geochemical processes, such as erosion and volcanic activity release CO2 into the atmosphere and oceans
Carbon Cycle… • Mixed biogeochemical: • Burial and decomposition of dead organisms • Processes, how coal and oil was made • Human activities, mining, burning fossil fuels release CO2
Review • Describe how matter cycles among the living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem: • Biochemical cycles: how matter is passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another • Biological systems do not use up matter, they transform it: • Assembled into living tissue • Passed out of the body as waste products
Review… • Describe the water cycle: • Water moves between the ocean, atmosphere, and land • Evaporation is the process where water changes from liquid form to an atmospheric gas • Evaporation on plant leaves is called transpiration • As warm moist air rises, it cools and forms clouds, then returns to the Earth as precipitation • The rain seeps into the soil or enters a river or stream, and then runs off to the ocean
Review… • Describe the carbon cycle: • Biological process: photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition • Geochemical processes, such as erosion, and volcanic activity • Mixed biogeochemical processes, how coal and oil was made • Human activities, mining, burning fossil fuels release CO2
