Period 3

1. Period 3 Place on slide show mode

2. Overview of Period 3 • Rise and Spread of Islam • Expansion of China • Changes in European institution • Trade and exchanges • Empires in America

3. Rise and Spread of Islam • Muhammad • Teaching of Islam • Split between Sunni and Shia • Expansion of Islam • Umayyad • Abbasid • Islam in India , Southeast Asia, Africa • Role of Women

4. Expansion of China • Tang Dynasty • Song Dynasty • Expansion of chinese influence • Japan • Korea • Vietnam

5. Changes in European institution • Western Europe • Manorialism • Feudalism • Regional government • Growth of parliamentary in England • Growth of Church power • Crusades

6. Interregional trade and exchange • The Mongols • In china • Persia • Russia • Bantu Migrations in Africa • Indian Ocean trade • Renaissance • Early European Explorations

7. Empires in the Americas • Toltecs • Rise of the Aztecs • Incas • Structure of empire • Religion

8. Questions

9. Question 1 • With regard to the doctrines of Islam in the period 600- 1450, • The concept of monotheism was unknown to the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula prior to Muhammad’s teaching • Their teachings of equality made them more popular among the general population of Africa than among African rulers • They were embraced by members of their emphasis on equality • They found widespread acceptance among Buddhists of both Central Asia and Southeast Asia • They were transmitted more frequently through missionary endeavor than through commercial contacts or conquest

10. Question 2 • The area in which Islam showed the most profound change during the seventh to the fifteenth centuries was in • The position of the caliph • Its treatment toward People of the book • The development of the shariah • The status of slaves • The role of women

11. Question 3 • One of the weakness of the early Muslim empires was • Intolerance of the legal traditions of non-muslim people • Disregard for the cultural tradition of conquered peoples • Failure to resolve questions of succession • Insistence on conversion of non-Arabs within the empire • Indifference to the Sunni/Shi’ite split

12. Question 4 • The Abbasid dynasty • Created a social rift between Arabs and new converts • Was more interested in strengthening Arab power than in gaining converts • Healed the rift between Sunnis and Shi’ites • Discouraged commercial activity in an effort to focus on missionary endeavor • Proved the high point of Muslim cultural achievement

13. Question 5 • Which of the following qualifies as a primary source on the teachings of Muhammad? • The Quran • The Hadith • The Five Pillers • The Umma • The Arabian Nights

14. Question 6 • Muhammad • Made provisions for the future leadership of Islam • Established clear class distinctions for Islamic society • Built on the religious traditions of the Arabian peninsula • Went against established gender distinctions in the practice of faith • Spoke out against military conquest as a vehicle for the extension of Islam

15. Question 7 • The Five Pillars • Are inattentive to distinction in social class • Are included in the Quran • Require religious instruction s an entrance to the Islamic faith • Provide unity within Islam • Address both religious and secular matters

16. Question 8 • As a new faith, Islam gained strength • Within portions of the former Roman Empire • When adherence to Arabic ethnicity was emphasized over adherence to Islam • First in Mecca, then throughout the Arabian peninsula • Because of rules of succession established by the first caliph • In East Asia

17. Question 9 • Confucianism • Became more popular in Vietnam than in Korea • Was rejected as an acceptable philosophy by the Japanese • Combined with Buddhism to create a cultural bridge between china and Korea • Brought greater freedom to Vietnamese women • Blended well with Shintoism to forge Japanese artistic traditions

18. Question 10 • Which was NOT an achievement of the Tang dynasty? • The solution to the problem of nomadic people along china’s border • The adoption of products from Vietnam • An emphasis on long-distance trade • Irrigation • Advances in the technology of warfare

19. Question 11 • The position of Chinese women • Resulted in greater freedoms under Neo-Confucianism • Changed markedly between the seventh and thirteenth centuries • Was defined by Confucianism • Was more restrictive under the tang than under the Song • Declined in regions where Buddhism was popular

20. Question 12 • Japanese feudalism • Brought a temporary end to internal conflicts • Increased the power of the emperor • Revolved around the power of the samurai as warlord • Saw the beginnings of a centralized Japan • United peasant and elite classes

21. Question 13 • Compared to the Viets, the Chinese were more • Agrarian • Ethnically diverse • interested in trade • Urbanized • Interested in preserving their own culture

22. Question 14 • Compared to Korean attitudes toward the Chinese, the Japanese • More greatly appreciated the centralization of the Chinese government • Were more devoted to Confucianism • Were more favorable to the civil service examination • Demonstrated a desire to show respect to the Chinese emperor • Were similar in their desire to become part of the Chinese trading system

23. Question 15 • The position of the Chinese scholar-gentry • was mimicked by the Japanese • Was admired by the Vietnamese • Weakened efforts to curb nomadic invasions • Declined during the Song dynasty • Was not supported by Confucian philosophy

24. Question 16 • Buddhism became more popular among china’s neighbors than in China itself because • Buddhism reinforced Confucian gender roles • Buddhism weakened the power of the Chinese emperor • Buddhism reinforced a stratified society • Buddhism did not originate in China • Buddhism emphasized centralized government

25. Question 17 • In contrast to Japanese feudalism, Western European feudalism • Included women in the feudal relationship • Created a reciprocal relationship between lord and vassal • Was based on a noncontractual relationship • Did not lead to centralized regional governments • Endured for a longer period

26. Question 18 • Early Medieval Europe’s strongest state was • The papal states • England • France • The holy roman empire • Spain

27. Question 19 • The period of greatest population decline in Europe during the Middle Ages was • From the tenth to the thirteenth centuries • The fourteenth century • The fifth and sixth centuries • The fifteenth century • The eighth century

28. Question 20 • During the Middle ages, the concept of limited government was seen most clearly in, • France • Germany • England • Italy • Spain

29. Question 21 • Which statement describes Europe between the ninth and fifteenth centuries • The consolidation of Germanic kingdoms into a single Germanic state • The end of pressure from migratory peoples • Steady decline in educational opportunities • European retreat from contact with neighboring societies • The expansion of the Eastern world into Western Europe

30. Question 22 • Trade during the Medieval period • Weakened in the Baltic regions as continental routes broadened • Placed the power of the merchant classes in competition with monarchial power • Shifted away from the Mediterranean basin after the fall of Rome • Placed Europe within the Muslim commercial network • Was balanced between Eastern and Western markets

31. Question 23 • The fifteenth century was characterized by • The beginnings of nation states in Italy and Germany • The strengthening of nation-states in England and France • Decentralization of political power in Spain • The establishment of Western European political tradition in the Middle East • The establishment of parliamentary tradition in England and France

32. Question 24 • Medieval Europe • Extended local schools found on the manor • Developed new banking institutions from multicultural contacts • Saw the rise of universities after the conclusion of the Hundred Year’s War • Produced urban areas that rivaled those of Eastern Empires • Produced uniquely Christian architectural forms

33. Question 25 • Mongol rule in Russia and China differed in that • In China the Mongols maintained Chinese traditions of isolation from foreigners • Eurasian trade routes under Mongol protection connected Russia more than China to Western European trade routes • The Mongols became more involved in administration in China than in Russia • The Mongols were more interested in controlling trade in china than they were in Russia • Russia advanced culturally under Mongols while china became backwards

34. Question 26 • Historians studying linguistic syncretism would be most interested by • The voyages of the Malay sailors • The writing of Renaissance philosophers • The Polynesian migration • the Bantu Migration • Yuan dynasty

35. Question 27 • The Black Death • Was most devastating in North Afr4ica • Originated in Europe • Changed the course of political institutions • Spread solely along routes of Mongols conquests • Produced large loss of life in India

36. Question 28 • The Yuan dynasty was brought down by all of the following EXCEPT • foreign resistance to the Mongol Peace • Bubonic plague • Economic distress • Inefficient administration • A breakdown in internal security

37. Question 29 • The Renaissance • Was a movement of uniquely Western origins • Began in the eastern Roman Empire • Was a result of the crusades • Represented a complete break from medieval traditions • Was a period of classical traditions rather than independence innovation

38. Question 30 • European exploration through the mid-fifteenth century • Produced intense revelries with East Asia civilizations • Placed merchants in conflict with monarchs • Suffered from lack of technological expertise • Depended upon the knowledge of the Eastern world • Created trade connections that increased Europe’s gold supply

39. Question 31 • Under the Mongol rule in China • Japan and Vietnam were brought under Mongol control • Chinese women were placed in a more subordinate position • Chinese educational traditions were maintained • Chinese regional rulers allowed to govern • In contrast to Chinese traditions, scholars were despised

40. Question 32 • The influence of nomadic people in Eurasia • Created a reciprocal relationship between nomads and settled peoples • Ended with the Mongols • Delayed the interaction of global commercial networks • Brought efficient administration to Eurasia • Brought increased religious intolerance to Eurasia

41. Question 33 • Both the Aztecs and Incas • Allowed women a significant role in public life • Were originally nomadic people • Had am egalitarian social structure • Built on traditions of their processors • Integrated conquered peoples into their empire

42. Question 34 • Aztec and Incas religion • Restricted the worship of subject peoples • Stressed the personal relationship with their gods • Placed women in a subordinate position • Widely practiced human sacrifice • Reflected the agrarian nature of their respective societies

43. Question 35 • The native of North America • Built empires on the scale of those of Mesoamerica • Demonstrated no signs of contact with Mesoamerican or Andean societies or civilization • Established tribute empires • Used architectural designs similar to those of Mesoamerica • Were known for their widespread expertise in irrigation

44. Question 36 • Which of the American societies altered their environment most extensively? • The Aztecs • The Mississippians • The Toltecs • The Incas • The Chimor

45. Question 37 • The Aztecs and Incan civilization differed most significantly in their • RELGIOUS INSTITUTIONS • TECHNOLOGICAL SKILL • SYSTEM OF RECORDKEEPING • SOCIAL STRUCTURE • ECONOMIC STRUCTURE

46. Question 38 • Trade among the peoples of the Americas • United the Chimor and Inca people • Was most similar in the Aztec and Toltec societies • Was facilitated in the Andes by geography • Remained local • Was discouraged by the inhabitants of Mesoamerica

47. Question 39 • Which of the American peoples was closer to the Persians in their administrative style? • The Mayans • The Mississippians • The Aztecs • The Toltecs • The Incas

48. Question 40 • Both the Aztecs and Incas • Entered into marriage for political reasons • Gained the cooperation of subject peoples • Showed limited signs of urbanization • Lacked a merchant class • Were tribute empire

49. Answers • C • E • C • E • B • C • D • A • C • A • C • D • D • E • C • D • B • D • B • C • E • D • B • B • C • D • C • A • C • D • D • A • D • E • D • A • C • B • E • E

50. Question 1 • C • Although the general population in India tended to cling to Hinduism, the lower castes and the untouchables often embraced Islam because it offered them the equality that the caste system did not