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Period 3 Review

Period 3 Review. Period 3: Regional and Trans regional Interaction. 600 C.E. to 1450 M&M Period. Major Event. Islam emerges Industrial Revolution in China Spread of Neo-Confucianism Schism in Christianity Camels in Sahara-increased trade Black Death Italian Renaissance .

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Period 3 Review

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  1. Period 3 Review

  2. Period 3: Regional and Trans regional Interaction • 600 C.E. to 1450 • M&M Period

  3. Major Event • Islam emerges • Industrial Revolution in China • Spread of Neo-Confucianism • Schism in Christianity • Camels in Sahara-increased trade • Black Death • Italian Renaissance

  4. Emergence of new empires and political systems • Tang Dynasty • Mongols • Caliphate System • Feudalism

  5. What events created a new historical period? • Byzantine Empire remains a major factor • Impact of Viking aids • European feudalism • Crusades • Mongolian Empires • Mamluk rule in Egypt

  6. Rise of Islamic World • Dar al-Islam • Unifying force in culture (religion, language, art) • Theocracy

  7. Islamic World Art Science Earth rotating on its axis and revolving around the sun More accurate calendar than Europe Improved astrolabe Medical treatises Use of steel for swords Paper and printing • Arabesque design • Miniature paintings in Persia • Poetry • Mosques with domes, pillars, and minarets

  8. Islamic World Math • Algebra • Arabic numerals • Decimal system • Concepts of Zero

  9. Trade Trans-Sahara trade Indian Ocean Trade Slaves, ivory, gold Iron from Africa, porcelain from China, pottery from Burma, cloth from India. Major route between East Africa and Asia, made possible by monsoons Brought prosperity to East Africa through the development of trading network into the interior of the continent, set the stage for the rise of the Africa trading cities. • Gold, ivory, slaves, and spices from below the Sahara with salt, cloth, and metal ware from the Sahara. • Across the Sahara between North Africa and Europe beyond West Africa • Aided in the rise of African empires and kingdoms in West Africa and spread of Islam through West Africa.

  10. Trade Trans-Sahara trade Indian Ocean Trade

  11. Silk Road Trade

  12. Trade Silk Routes Missionary Islam and Buddhism-trade, peace Islam and Christianity- Crusades; war • Silks and porcelain from China, woolen and linen cloth, glass horses, ivory from other trading partners • Silk Road from China across Asia to Middle East • Spread Buddhism and Christianity, spurred European interest in finding a water route to China.

  13. Mongol Empire • Created the largest land empire in the world • Spread of other cultures • Improved trade throughout Asia and eastern Europe • Paper money, banking, and letters of credit • Once areas were conquered a period of extended peace.

  14. Economic Resolutions of the Tang and Song Dynasties • Increased agricultural production • Increasing population • Urbanization • Technological innovation • Financial inventions

  15. Importance of Tang and Song Dynasties • Paper Money • Mass production of tea • Porcelain • Silk • Champa rice • Canton city in China becomes a major trading city • Exploration and trade (Zheng He)

  16. Chinese influence on surrounding areas and its limits • Japan: copied Tang government, architecture, Buddhism, but not food binding • Conquered most of Asia • Neoconfucianism

  17. Development of Europe • After fall of the Roman Empire, the Church took control of all aspects of life • European society was restructured with Pope as the ultimate religious authority • Feudalism rises • Kings and knights supported the Pope’s call for Crusades • Crusades take many knights to the Middle East to fight • Many Kings start becoming powerful

  18. Great Schism • Divided over the use of icons • Pope vs patriarch

  19. American Society: Economies • Maya: agricultural trade, craftwork in jade • Aztec: mercenaries war provided slave • Inca: agricultural inherited array of domesticated plants and animals

  20. American Society: Cultural • Maya: Mathematics, astronomy, medicine, pyramids, hieroglyphic writing • Aztec: Human sacrifice, capital- Tenochtitlan • Inca: quipu for record keeping, textiles important for religious ceremonies

  21. American Society: Gender Roles • Patriarchy

  22. American Society: Political Structure • Maya: City states • Aztecs: Emperor, rigid class system, tributary states • Inca: Dynastic Emperor, Rigid class system

  23. American Civilizations: Collapse • Maya: environmental, overuse of resources, warfare • Aztecs: Lack of immunity to AfroEurasian disease like smallpox, tributary states allied with Spanish • Inca: Lack of immunity to AfroEurasian disease, tributary states allied with Spanish

  24. Impact of Nomadic Migration: Arabs Areas conquered impact Unified political unit Spread of religion Religious toleration Preservation of Greek and Roman culture • North Africa • Spain • West Africa • Central Asia • East Africa

  25. Impact of Nomadic Migration: Turks Areas conquered impact Islam Defeated Byzantine Empire Takes Jerusalem-Crusades! • Central Asia • Middle East • Asia Minor

  26. Impact of Nomadic Migration: Mongols! Areas conquered impact • Persia • China • Russia • Eastern Europe

  27. Impact of Nomadic Migration: Slavs Areas conquered impact Trading Orthodox Christianity • Eastern • Central Europe

  28. Impact of Nomadic Migration: Vikings Areas conquered impact Led to Europeans seeking better protection methods Some women taken as slaves to Scandanavia • Pillaged along European water routes

  29. Migration of agricultural peoples Bantu Germanic and Slaves Political instability • Traveled through Africa • Spread languages • Slave trade networks established

  30. Compare Japanese and European Feudalism Japanese European Established 800s after the division of Charlemagne’s HRE Ruler: King Queen Emperor • Established mid 800s to the power of the Fujiwara • Ruler: • Emperor puppet ruler • Shogun held real power

  31. Compare Japanese and European Feudalism Japanese European

  32. Compare Japanese and European Feudalism Japanese European Length of office: Hereditary unless deposed Ranks: Ruler Vassal as Lord Knight who had no vassal under him Economic Base Large population engaged in agriculture Change over time as trade and cities grew • Length of office: • Emperor hereditary • Shogun by force and intrigue • Ranks: • Emperor • Provincial aristocrat as lord • Vassal as lord • Samurai • Economic Base • Small agricultural population

  33. Consequence of the plague • Killed masses amounts of people • Major changes in economic systems • Affects population centers • Lawlessness

  34. Growth and role of cities • Trade cities • Canton • Samarkland • Timbuktu • Cairo • Venice • Centers of education • Cultural diffusion

  35. Common patterns for women • Many women gained rights to keep dowry • Managed households • Supervised education of children • Cultural patrons • Nuns

  36. Two Important Travelers Marco polo Ibn battutu From Marocco Went on a Hajj to Mecca Travel through Mesopotamia and Persia, then India, Spain, and Mali • From Europe • Went to China • Served Kublai Khan for 17 years • After returning home he was arrested • A fellow prisoner complied Polo’s stories into a book

  37. Two Important Travelers Marco polo Ibn battutu

  38. Quiz Time!

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