NuMI Commissioning

NuMI Commissioning • Overview • CD-4 Goals • Planning • Pre-commissioning activities • Commissioning • Summary

Overview • Commissioning = bringing the NuMI facility into a state of operation • NuMI project activities • Off-project activities such as Main Injector preparations • This definition is slightly modified for the Technical Components • Commissioning = bringing the facility into operation using beam • Checkout = commissioning sub-systems prior to beam • The MINOS detectors can be commissioned almost fully using cosmic rays

Overview • The NuMI project has retained the responsibility for conducting and documenting all checkout and commissioning activities • Coordinators will schedule these activities to maximize efficiency and minimize impact to accelerator operations • NuMI Commissioning Coordinator – Bruce Baller • MINOS Near Detector Commissioning Coordinator – Peter Shanahan • Commissioning workshop held in April to define checkout and commissioning steps • Attended by ~35 participants from NuMI, MINOS, Operations, ES&H, AD management

Goal Parameter Measurement Commissioning Goal 1 Proton intensity in target hall Toroid (or equivalent) beam intensity at entrance to the Target Hall Greater than 1E12 120 GeV protons/spill 2 Beam alignment Transverse distributions of the proton beam and secondary beams Proton direction established to within 1 mr of the known direction to the Far Detector in the Soudan mine. 3 Neutrino beam energy Near detector event energy Low energy, 2-4 GeV 4 Cosmic ray muons detected in the MINOS near detector Near detector data read out through DAQ system Majority of 153 near detector planes sensitive to muons 5 Near detector neutrino flux Charged current event rate in 1.5 ton fiducial region Observer neutrinos in the near detector produced by the NuMI beam 6 Cosmic ray muons and atmospheric neutrinos detected in each of the two MINOS far detector super-modules Far detector data read out through DAQ system Majority of the 484 planes of the far detector sensitive to muons and atmospheric neutrinos CD-4 Goals The NuMI Project Management Plan describes the Technical Commissioning Goals required to meet CD-4

CD-4 Goals • We plan to follow the Main Injector model for documentation & acceptance of goal achievement - Greg Bock memos to Steve Webster with supporting documentation • Goal 1: ACNET parameter page showing proton intensity in NuMI beamline • Goal 2: ACNET parameter page showing beam position in pre-target & display showing beam position in the hadron monitor • Goal 3,5: Detector measurements of pulse height and event length consistent with neutrino energies of 2 – 4 GeV • Goal 4,6: MINOS displays of cosmic ray events in the near and far detectors

Planning • NuMI checkout & commissioning activities are tracked using MS Project • Each task is assigned to a responsible person, approx start & approx duration, notes, device status • Pre-commissioning activities • Main Injector Preparations (~65 tasks) • NuMI checkout (~200 tasks) • Administrative Approvals (~15 tasks) • Operations Preparations (~20 tasks) • Commissioning • NuMI commissioning (~60 tasks) • Main Injector High Intensity (2 tasks – need experience) • Turnover to Operations (2 tasks)

Planning • The commissioning plan includes several flavors of tasks • Canonical off-project tasks that can be readily estimated, e.g. Design/build Main Injector Batch-by-Batch integrator • Main Injector studies that are difficult to estimate (e.g. high intensity beam studies) but have a well defined result • NuMI systems checkout tasks costed in the Master Schedule • Administrative tasks, e.g. AD & DOE approve MI safety envelope • Checkout steps, e.g Put profile monitors into the beam • The primary purpose of the plan is to ensure that all required tasks are identified and completed in the proper sequence

Pre-Commissioning Activities • Description of pre-commissioning activities • Main Injector Preparations • NuMI Checkout • Administrative Approvals • Operations Preparations

Main Injector Preparations • After commissioning, NuMI will operate in a mixed-mode with antiproton stacking at 120 GeV • A 1.877 sec MI cycle will accommodate 6 batches of 3.3x1013 protons/cycle • The Antiproton Source requires 1 batch of 0.8x1013 protons to be achieved by slip-stacking • NuMI will receive 5 batches for a total intensity of 2.5x1013 protons • Antiproton beam requirements are tighter than NuMI • Commissioning will be done on a special NuMI-only cycle

Main Injector Preparations • High intensity studies (Damper system) • Synchronizing Booster/MI injection (Booster Cogging) • MI/NuMI event timing • Multi-batch intensity measurement • MI beam quality inputs to the NuMI Beam Permit System (BPS) • Orbit and extraction issues Planned for normal operation Not necessary to meet CD-4

High Intensity Studies • The bunch-by-bunch digital damper system (Run II) is needed for high intensity • Instrumentation, RF cavities and kicker exist • Longitudinal dampers operational now • Transverse damper board in debugging • Start multi-batch mode studies after board is fully tested (late June) • Demonstrate high intensity multi-batch capability before the August shutdown

Multi-Batch Pbar Extraction pbar batch No cogging Beam on the pbar target No dampers NuMI batches

N4 N5 Pbar N1 N2 Booster Cogging • Booster notch needs to be sync’d to the kicker and timed to MI batches • Booster cogging turned on • No losses with < 3 Booster turns • ~20% loss with 4 turns Revolution Time (ns)

NuMI Checkout • Sub-system checkout tasks are included in the master schedule at a summary level to capture costs, resources • The purpose of the Commissioning Plan is to ensure that every sub-system is fully checked out before commissioning begins • Checkout is a multi-step process that culminates in the documentation of readiness by the L3 manager in the NuMI Beamline electronic logbook • The Commissioning Plan identifies a final checkout step (~200) that requires documented completion • Notes field defines the required checkout action for each sub-system (e.g. magnets: Polarity check and power testing completed)

NuMI Devices • Primary beam: 49 magnets, 24 BPM’s, 10 Profile Monitors, 2 calibration targets, 50 loss monitors, 4 total loss monitors, 2 toroids, 3 beam vacuum systems • Magnetic shielding check on HV101 string • Target hall: 6 thermocouples, Budal monitor, target helium flow, target/horn drive/position, RAW system status (for each module), chase cooling system flow/pressure • Decay pipe: vacuum status/pressure, RAW system status • Absorber: 8 thermocouples, RAW system status, leak rate study • Hadron/Muon Monitors: HV/LV status • Beam Permit System: 9 input summary checks • Safety System: 2 administrative checks

Administrative Approvals • Main Injector • The MI Shielding Assessment has been revised to allow operation at 3.3x1013 protons/cycle • In review now • MI Safety Envelope will be reviewed and approved concurrent with NuMI Safety Envelope • NuMI • The NuMI Shielding Assessment and Safety Envelope will be discussed in Nancy Grossman’s talk • Commissioning plan includes Accelerator Readiness Review, final walkthrough by ES&H committee, Running Conditions development and approval

Operations Preparations • Controls needs • Add NuMI devices to the ACNET database • Develop parameter pages • Set up BPS and alarms & limits pages, sequencers • Define device list for data-logging • Set up data logger • Set up Beam Loss Budget Monitor and Beam Budget Monitor • Administration & Training • Develop Search & Secure procedures & training • Develop emergency response procedures & training • Define access requirements, threshold criteria for NuMI operation • Develop and conduct operator training • Define list of qualified experts

Commissioning • Commissioning team composed of experts from NuMI, External Beams Dept & CERN • Use the existing NuMI Beamline electronic logbook for documentation • Commissioning is divided into 11 phases • The first 8 will be conducted on a special NuMI “study cycle” with a cycle time of ~ 2 minutes • Allows time for evaluation between shots • The Beam Permit System (BPS) is administratively controlled by the Coordinator by the use of a “golden file”

Commissioning • MI & NuMI setup (~4 days) • Establish stable 1 batch MI beam (3x1011 ppp) on NuMI cycle • Start NuMI ramps, ensure devices are reading back, data logging, BPS active, AutoTune working, NuMI kicker is OFF • First Beam to NuMI (~3 days) • Enable kickers • Tune beam to hadron absorber (AutoTune semi-automatic) • Check function of loss monitors with profile monitors in/out • Calibrate BPM’s • Aperture scans (~4 days) • Scan Lambertson & 2 NuMI magnet apertures • Declare BPS golden file • Start tuning with correctors Meet CD-4 Goal 2

Commissioning • Horn Alignment (~2 days) • Scan horn 1 and horn 2 using neck and cross-hair alignment system • BPM and hadron monitor response checked concurrently • Target/Baffle Alignment (~2 days) • Target/baffle are scanned while in Low Energy (LE), Medium Energy (ME) and High Energy (HE) positions • Hadron monitor response checked concurrently • Raise Intensity & Check Calibration (~1 day) • Increase intensity to 1x1012 protons/cycle • Check instrumentation calibration Meet CD-4 Goal 1

Commissioning • First Neutrinos (~2 days) • Start horn pulsing & log neutrinos in the near detector • Beam-on and beam-off radiation surveys • Multi-batch tuning (~7 days) • Increase number of batches • Check ramp, instrumentation timing & losses • Reduce cycle time - Mixed-mode (~1 day) • Start NuMI/pbar mixed mode at 2 sec cycle time • Main Injector – High Intensity (~30 days) • Check ramp, instrumentation timing & losses • Turnover to Operations • Document tunes & operator training Meet CD-4 Goal 3,5 CD-4 Met

Summary • The April commissioning workshop was valuable • Recommendations on philosophy, tips • NuMI, Operations and AD management agree on all points • The commissioning plan codifies all major and many minor tasks • Plan will be updated regularly, posted on the web and tracked in weekly commissioning meetings • We expect to achieve CD-4 after several weeks of commissioning

NuMI Commissioning