Housing Styles

1. Housing Styles Unchanged-traditional dwelling The layout, construction, and appearance have not been significantly altered by external influences. Examples: Some Arab towns and African villages Modified-traditional dwelling New building materials have been used to build these. The structure layout is not altered Example: West Africa changed their thatch roofs to iron Modernized-traditional dwelling Modifications have been made in both the building materials and the general layout of the dwelling. Example: multiple bathrooms, two car garage Modern-dwelling Advanced technology is reflected in the building of these .Other reflections include upward mobility, practicality, comfort, and hygiene. Most common in the United States http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JOl4vwhwkW8

2. Building Materials most often reflect what is locally available. Before we look at architecture, let’s start with the materials. • Wood • Brick • Stone • Wattle • Grass and Brush Dogon Village, Mali Sod Farmhouse, Iceland

3. Brick • The three different kinds of brick are: • 1. a mixture of straw and mud left to harden in the sun • 2. a sun-dried brick • 3. an oven baked brick • The straw and mud brick is found in the Middle East, SW United States, and Mexico • The sun-dried brick is found in the Middle East, Arab cultures, Middle and South America, savanna lands of Africa, and northern India

4. Stone • These types of houses are found in the high Andes of Peru, English cottages, Southern and Interior Egypt, and Central and Southern India. • Wattle • Tightly woven sticks and poles plastered with mud • Found in poorer countries like countries in Africa or Southeastern Asia

5. Village Types • Linear- houses located along a line, low lying areas in western Europe, usually on levees • Clustered- houses bunched together; ex. Japan because they need to allocate every available foot of land for farming • Round- houses are positioned in a circle, usually with a central cattle coral, Africa • Walled- a village with a wall around it usually to protect it from harm, Germany or China • Grid System- made up of square grids, the United States uses township-and-range system, found in Iowa

7. Sloped roof and open latticed courtyards reflect the environment. The second story is avoided because the village is subject to strong winds. Built around large, open air courtyards. Most residents are Muslim

8. Notice the structure Here the head of all sleeping people are turned eastward. Neighbors are either head-to-head or feet-to feet Notice the lack of structure. The Yuan and Shan people believe evil spirits move in straight lines.

9. New Englanders were most likely to build Cape Cod style homes because those were the predominant housing style they were familiar with when they began to migrate to upstate New York. As New England settlers began to migrate farther west toward Ohio and Michigan, they were most likely to build the Front Gable type of house typical in New England at the time.

10. During the 1940s and early 1950s Minimal Traditional was the most popular architectural style in the United States. What are some possible reasons for this?

11. Field Study: Fieldwork helps geographers some geographers answer questions and helps some geographer ask questions. Housing development in the United States today is more closely related to popular culture. So, what does that mean? A new housing development is more likely to share commonalities with another housing development in a different place built at a similar time than with a housing development built in a similar place at a different time.