Contribute to OHS Processes

1. Contribute to OHS Processes HLTOHS300A Jillian Searant Health & Safety Consultant

2. Why is it Important? The NSW Work Health & Safety Act 2011 • Primary duty of Care • Persons conducting a business or undertaking must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health and safety of: • Workers engaged, or caused to be engaged by the person, and • Workers whose activities in carrying out work are influenced or directed by the person, While the workers are at work in the business or undertaking.

3. Why is it important? • Primary duty of care • A person conducting a business or undertaking must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, that the health and safety of other persons is not put at risk from work carried out as part of the conduct of the business or undertaking.

4. Definitions • Workplace – a place where work is carried out for a business or undertaking and includes any place where a worker goes, or is likely to be, while at work. • Place includes • A vehicle, vessel, aircraft or other mobile structure, and • Any waters and any installation on land, on the bed of any waters or floating on any waters

5. What does this mean to me? • By law you are required to maintain systems that provide a safe place of work • These include; • Risk assessments • Training records • Equipment registers • Hazardous substance registers • Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) • OHS Management Plans

6. What does this mean to me? Continued • Hazard identification • Consultation • Job Safety Analysis (JSA) • Policies and procedures • Workers compensation • First Aid

7. Some scary facts According to Safe Work Australia: • It is estimated that every year in Australia 2900 people die as a result of their work • Every working day in Australia about 1000 people are injured sufficiently to warrant workers compensation • The majority of injuries involve sprains and strains, with many caused by manual handling of equipment or loads

8. Codes of Practice - Examples • How to consult on work health and safety • Hazardous manual tasks • How to manage work health and safety risks • Managing noise and preventing hearing loss at work • Managing the work environment and facilities

9. What is an WHSMS “An WHSMS is a formalised, documented system for WHS management”

10. Six-Step Approach to WHS • WHS policy & programs. • Consultation. • Training & information. • Hazard identification & risk assessment. • Risk control. • Promote, maintain & improve.

11.  Procedures • A procedure should define: • Who does the task. • What are the specific steps to achieve the outcomes. • How is each step to be performed. • When should the procedure be conducted. • What record or evidence is generated.

12.  Safe Systems of Work • One effective way of providing a safe system of work is developing & implementing ‘Safe Work Method Statements’ (SWMS).

13.  Training & Competency • Need to ensure competencies are developed & maintained. • Training & assessment should be carried out by persons with appropriate knowledge, skills & experience in OHS & training/assessment.

14.  Keeping Informed • From a new employee. • Safety authorities. • News papers. • Employer associations. • Unions. • Government. • Industry associations. • Commercial databases. • Professional services.

15. Knowledge is Key Identify sources of advice & information

16. Risk Management Four basic steps in the process: Identify hazards—discover hazards. Assess risk—decide how much risk. Control risk—do something about the risks. Review—to ensure continued workplace OHS.

17. Identify Hazards ControlRisks Assess Risk Review

18. ControlRisks Identify Hazards Assess Risk Review

19. What is a hazard? • Anything that has the potential to cause harm.

20. Risk Management Identify any foreseeable hazards arising from: Hazardous Substances • Hazard types electrical temperature, fire traffic, pedestrians cuts, stabs, puncture ergonomic environmental slip,trip, fall

22. Identify Hazards ControlRisks Assess Risk Review

23. Risk Assessment Risk is measured in terms of consequence and likelihood. (The likelihood that death, injury or illness might result because of the hazard)

24. Hazpak Risk Assessment Model

25. Guide – Pre Established Criteria • Risk rating 1 (High Risk) • Risk rating 2 (Significant Risk) • Risk rating 3 (Moderate Risk) • Risk rating 4 (Medium/Low Risk) • Risk rating 5 & 6 (Low Risk) • Immediate action required to control the risk. Cease work until control strategy is in place. May need short term controls firstly.  • The risk must be eliminated or controlled (reduced). ie within 24 hrs. • The risk should be eliminated or controlled (reduced). ie within 48 hrs. • The risk should be reduced but is not an emergency. • The risk should be reduced when time permits.

26. Identify Hazards Assess Risk Review Control Risks

27. Control • Must control, when not reasonably practicable to eliminate. • Legislation requires certain control actions. • Controls can be guards, barriers, personal protective equipment etc. • Material Safety data sheets (MSDSs) tell us how to control for hazardous substances.

28. Order of Control Options If not reasonably practical, must control SUBSTITUTE ISOLATE ENGINEER OUT ADMINISTRATIVE MEANS PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ELIMINATE

29. Identify Hazards ControlRisks RISK MANAGEMENT Assess Risk Review Review

30. Monitoring & Review • REVIEW risk assessments & control measures. • This is not the end - Repeat the risk management process.

31. Risk Management

32. Guide – Pre Established Criteria • Risk rating 1 (High Risk) • Risk rating 2 (Significant Risk) • Risk rating 3 (Moderate Risk) • Risk rating 4 (Medium/Low Risk) • Risk rating 5 & 6 (Low Risk) • Immediate action required to control the risk. Cease work until control strategy is in place. May need short term controls firstly.  • The risk must be eliminated or controlled (reduced). ie within 24 hrs. • The risk should be eliminated or controlled (reduced). ie within 48 hrs. • The risk should be reduced but is not an emergency. • The risk should be reduced when time permits.

35. Is there is a Regulation, Compliance Code or CoP about the hazard? Risk Management Process Step 1: Identify hazards Step 5: Monitor & review Yes No Step 2: Assess risks Step 4: Implement control measures Follow the information in the Regulation, or Code Step 3: Select controlmeasures

36. Notifiable Occurrences • An injury that results in at least 7 days absence. • NON DISTURBANCE EVENT • Fatality. • An injury that results in the amputation of a limb. • Placing a person on life support. • Any event or circumstance that presents an immediate threat to life.

37. Notification - Employees Serious Incident Notify WorkCover immediately 02 9214 9220 Notify your insurer within 48 hours Serious Incident With no injury but is life threatening Notify WorkCover immediately 02 9214 9220 Make full report to WorkCover in 7 days (Form available www.workcover.nsw.gov) Incident Where workers compensation is or maybe payable Notify your insurer within 48 hours Incident Where there is no injury or illness, not life threatening but a risk to health & safety Notify WorkCover within 7 days www.workcover.nsw.gov.au or 13 10 50

38. Causes of Incidents • The causes of WHS incidents are as varied as the people & workplaces involved. • Behaviour or actions of people. • Backgrounds, experiences & training. • Social attitudes. • Condition of the workplace. • The job or task. • Condition & nature of the equipment.

40. Why should we report incidents? • To prevent the incident from happening again we need to record it and investigate why it happened.

41. Investigations Should Answer WHO? WHEN? HOW? WHY? WHY? WHY? WHAT? Root Cause Analyses WHERE?

42. Root Cause Analysis The 5 Whys

43. How else can we identify hazards? • Workplace inspections

44. Workplace Inspections • Routine inspection • Carried out by supervisory personnel every time they visit a work area. • Planned or specific inspection • Specific work area inspection. • Designated hazard inspection.

45. Inspection Systems • Need to establish: • How they are to be conducted. • How often. • Who will be involved. • Who is responsible for ensuring that suggested improvements are taken into account. • How they are to be documented.

46. What is communication? What is effective communication?

47. Part 5 - Duty to Consult If more than one person has a duty in relation to the same matter, each peron must, so far as is reasonably practicable, consult, co-operate and co-ordinate activities with all other persons who have a duty in relation to the same matter.

48. Part 5 – Duty to consult • The PCBU must, as far as is reasonably practicable, consult, with workers who carry out work for the PCBU who are, or are likely to be, directly affected by a matter relating to work health or safety.

49. Managing stress & fatigue? • Workers need to assess for stress and stressful situations • Eg. Visiting clients at home, are you sure it is safe? • Have you had sufficient sleep between appointments? • How far are you travelling in 1 day?

50. Emergencies • Do you have emergency procedures? • Do you know how the alarm will be sounded? • Are their first aiders in your business? • Do you have a first aid kit that complies with WHS legislation? • Do you practice emergency evacuations? • Are workers aware of evacuation procedures? • Have they received a safety induction and do they know where the emergency exits are?