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Colonizing North America

Dive into the motivations and conflicts of England, France, and the Netherlands in seeking the Northwest Passage and colonizing North America. Learn about key explorers, economic aspects, alliances with Native Americans, and the impact on Native American societies. Uncover the role of religion, fur trade rivalries, and the lasting influences of Dutch settlers in America.

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Colonizing North America

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  1. Colonizing North America Chapter 3.3

  2. Overview • Why did England, France and the Netherlands seek a northwest passage? • How did the Protestant Reformation affect rivalries among European nations? • How did rivalry develop between New France and New Netherland?

  3. Read PLEASE READ PAGES 81-86

  4. Search for the Northwest Passage • John Cabot- English explorer • Giovanni da Verrazano- Italian explored Carolinas up to Canada • Jacques Cartier sailed half of the St. Lawrence River • Henry Hudson entered into New York harbor and now what is Hudson River

  5. Rivalries Among European Nations • Religious Divisions: • Martin Luther • Protestant Reformation • Rivalries in the Americas:

  6. New France Samuel de Champlain founded the trading post named Quebec on the St. Lawrence River. Permanently established France in Americas Economy of New France, profited from fishing and fur trapping and trading.

  7. Missionary Work of France • Catholic missionaries traveled with fur traders • Searched for converts within the Native American population • Goal to teach Christianity

  8. Expansion of the Mississippi Mississippi River known by the Native Americans as the “Father of the Waters” Father Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet explored 700 miles of Mississippi and Great Lakes French wanted to keep Spain and England out of Louisiana territory, established forts like Detroit and New Orleans

  9. Expansion (Cont) French colonists imported African slaves that work plantations Some slaves escaped and joined the Natchez Indians in a revolt against the French (1729) Those slaves that fought with the French received their freedom Free and enslaved African Americans made up the majority of settlers in Louisiana

  10. New Netherlands • Peter Mimuit led Dutch Settlers to the mouth of the Hudson River • Bought Manhattan from Native Americans, then called it New Amsterdam (New York) • Grew into busy port, profited from trade. • Trading posts like New Orange (Albany), established along the Hudson River

  11. Rivalry over Fur Trade • French and Dutch settlers became rivals over fur trade. • Dutch made an alliance with the Iroquois • French with the Huron's • Sporadic fights between two nations occurred using Indian Allies

  12. Dutch brought customs to Americas • Ice skating • Saint Nick (Santa Claus) • Dutch language assimilated into English language (boss, cookies, sleigh)

  13. Impact on Native American Society • Diseases (Smallpox) killed much of Native American population • War • Missionary conversion not always accepted • Seize Indian lands (new outposts) brought more trouble and colonization westward

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