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I. Colonizing America

I. Colonizing America. A. Countries that Colonized America 1. England – 13 colonies east of Appalachian Mountains 2. France – St. Lawrence River, Great Lakes, Mississippi River, and New Orleans 3. Spain – Latin America, SE and SW

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I. Colonizing America

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  1. I.Colonizing America A. Countries that Colonized America 1. England – 13 colonies east of Appalachian Mountains 2. France – St. Lawrence River, Great Lakes, Mississippi River, and New Orleans 3. Spain – Latin America, SE and SW sections of current US 4. Russia – Pacific Northwest 5. Netherlands – New York and New Jersey 6. Sweden -- Delaware

  2. B. Reasons 1. The Three G’s a. Gold b. Glory c. God

  3. C. England 1. Gold – Virginia Company of London (1606) sponsored trips to the Virginia colony for various reasons a. Expand English trade b. Find wider market for goods c. Hoped to make large profits

  4. 2. God a. Dispute between Catholics and Anglicans in England b. Pilgrims – Separatist movement; Catholics who could not practice their religion in England; fled to America and settled in Plymouth, MA

  5. c. Puritans – Reformers; did not think Church of England was strict enough; wanted to make the Church more pure; started the MA Bay Colony in Boston, Cape Cod, and Salem areas

  6. D. Blue Laws 1. Laws made by Puritans to make life “more pure” 2. Sabbath Regulations a. All trade outlawed b. No public meetings or entertainment except for church c. Two two-hour services, morning and afternoon

  7. 3. Family Relationships a. Parents could lose children if poorly educated b. A child could be put to death if they disrespect parents 4. Social Laws a. Fines for lower classes that wore silk and silver

  8. 5. Public Behavior a. No celebrations of Christmas or other holidays, including weddings b. NO PDA 6. Witch Laws

  9. E. Representative Government 1. Types of colonies in the New World a. Proprietary – Owned by an individual (PA, Maryland, Georgia) b. Self – governing – Owned by the people (MA) c. Royal – Owned by the king 1. All 13 colonies would eventually become royal

  10. 2. Mayflower Compact (Nov. 11, 1620) 1. First representative government in America 2. Established a civil government, rule of law, and a government by consent 3. Only members of congregation could vote or hold office

  11. 3. Direct Democracy (MA) 1. Rooted in ancient Greece where all eligible voters vote on every issue 2. Usually done through a town hall meeting 3. Most white, landowning, males participated

  12. F. France 1. Gold a. Chance to earn a decent living and maybe become wealthy b. Profitable fur trade c. Search for resources not found in France

  13. 2. Religion a. Growing need to convert Natives to Christianity 3. Glory a. Fame that came with succeeding in the New World

  14. 4. Why did the Natives trust the French more than the British? a. French settlements were smaller and less threatening 1. British were expanding more quickly b. French were more willing to adopt Native culture 1. Many French men married Native women

  15. 5. Famous Explorers a. Rene Robert de La Salle – Followed the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico and named the land Louisiana after King Louis XIV b. Samuel de Champlain – Founded the city of Quebec, the center of French claims in North America c. Jacques Cartier – Sailed along the St. Lawrence River into Montreal

  16. G. Spain 1. Gold a. Find new resources (gold, silver) b. Used indentured servants to mine at first – definition 1. Eventually switched to African slaves c. Sought water routes to bring gold and silver back to Spain

  17. 2. God a. Similar to the French b. Missionaries sent to the new world to convert Natives to Christianity

  18. 3. Famous Explorers a. Hernando Cortez – Conquistador who when he reached present-day Mexico City had his men burn their ships so they had to fight to the death. He would go on to capture the Aztec Empire in the 1520s. b. Francisco Pizarro – Reached the Incan Empire in present-day Peru in 1531 and held their leader for ransom only to kill him. Three years later the Incan Empire was no more.

  19. c. Christopher Columbus – Italian by birth but sailed for the Spanish. Convinced he could reach Asia through the Atlantic but landed on an island he called San Salvador. Considered by many to be the man who discovered America.

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