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Unit 7

Unit 7. Weather. WWK-. We will know that temperature variations in the atmosphere, and hydrosphere result in weather fluctuations such as storms.

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Unit 7

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  1. Unit 7 Weather

  2. WWK- We will know that temperature variations in the atmosphere, and hydrosphere result in weather fluctuations such as storms.

  3. Thunderstorms are created when warm air rises( or up drafts) condenses into cumulus clouds, which grow as more air collects. Soon water vapor will turn into droplets and become to heavy for the clouds to hold.as cold air ( or down drafts) which is heavier than warm air enters the clouds, the water will be pulled down. Combined with the electricity in the air ,it produces thunder and storms. Thunderstorms

  4. In the 1780’s a French chemist named Antoine Lavoisier discovered air was actually made up of an element he named “oxygen”, and it was made up of 21% oxygen, 78% nitrogen, and less than 1% carbon dioxide and other gasses. • In 1644, Evangelista Torricelli made the first barometer, and proved the existence of air pressure. He filled a glass tube with mercury, then held the open end under the surface of a bowl, also filled with mercury. The liquid inside the tube dropped, creating a vacuum inside tube equal to the weight of the air • Weather only occurs in the troposphere , do to its high levels of water vapor. History

  5. El Niño is another result of atmosphere change. The effects of el Niño are seasonal and as follows. • Increased rainfall across the southern U.S and Peru, causing flooding. • It throttles hurricanes in the Atlantic by pumping energy high into the atmosphere, fueling wind currents, and shearing the tops off some Atlantic storms before development. • Also causes drought in the west pacific, sometimes associated with forest fires. El Niño- which means “little boy” or “Christ child” in Spanish on account of it occurring usually during Christmas.

  6. What causes cumulus clouds to form before a storm. K.S

  7. You will know the effects of air masses meeting Bryson Wright Per. 2

  8. There are only five types of fronts • These include warm fronts, cold fronts, occluded and stationary fronts, also there are dry lines that can occur. • These all have different variables that make them different but the one thing that they have in common is that they occur when warm air and cold air collide, or at least form a boundary Fronts

  9. Cold Fronts- these take place when cold air replaces warm air. The cloud formation during this front is made by the warm air rising and cooling and it’s water vapor condensing. Rain is short in life but heavy and will only moisten an area of 50 miles. This is the fastest front. • Warm Fronts- this front moves slow and occurs when warm air moves over cold air. These fronts are more likely to produce rain, or snow. The weather that follows is normally warmer in temp. The Different Types

  10. Occluded Fronts- when cold, warm and cool air combine you get this front. There is two types of this front though, cool and warm. Cool occluded front is when a cold front overtakes a warm front and vice versa for a warm occluded front. The Different Types Pt. 2

  11. Stationary Fronts- This will only happen when warm and cold air masses meet and form a boundary that has no further movement. They eventually fade away over time. • Dry Lines- This line is a frontal boundary separating hot, dry western air from warm, moist air in the east. These occur mainly in spring in the western U.S. and move east. In some cases these lines can create severe storms. Different Types Pt. 3

  12. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vPC5i6w3yDI Video Clip

  13. What is created when air masses meet? K.S.

  14. Unit 7: Weather WWK how air masses form and move.

  15. An important property of air is that it is a poor conductor of energy. When 2 different bodies of air meet, this causes them to not mix and a boundary to form between them. The boundary between the air masses is called a front.

  16. There are 5 different types of air masses, which are large bodies of air that are characterized by a sameness of temperature and humidity. These include; • Continental Arctic • Continental Polar • Maritime Polar • Maritime Tropical • Continental Tropical

  17. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ylack7IG2YA

  18. K.S What is the boundary between air masses called?

  19. WWK: What mechanism gives tornados and hurricanes their energy? Madeline Frankow Unit: 7

  20. What are they? hur·ri·cane   Noun A storm with a violent wind, in particular a tropical cyclone in the Caribbean. tor·na·do Noun A mobile, destructive vortex of violently rotating winds having the appearance of a funnel-shaped cloud

  21. Hurricanes: Great amounts of energy are transferred when warm water is evaporated from tropical seas. Hurricanes are able to gain strength by warm water or heat. The warmer the water is, the more moisture is in the air. Moist air contains a lot of energy. When it is drawn upwards by a system such as a hurricane the moisture condenses and releases said energy air rises faster to fill this area of low pressure, and more warm moist air is drawn off the sea feeding further energy to the system.

  22. Tornados: Tornados are formed from thunderstorms. The upward draft and opposite winds cause a tornado. The winds cause the moving and twisting. Tornados are formed when there is a low amount of moisture along with a cold front or winds  The winds usually are high and turn clockwise. Tornados get their energy from thunderstorms. The storm gets its energy from instability in the air, often resulting from a collision of warm moist air with cool and/or dry air

  23. How are Tornados measured? A tornado is measured by a Fujita Scale. This measures the intensity of the winds and assesses the damage on human built structures and vegetation. This is all determined by surveys, eye witnesses, before and after pictures, ground swirl patterns, radio tracking's and media reports.

  24. A mesocyclone is a vortex of air that rises and rotates around a vertical axis. They are thought to form when strong changes of wind speed and direction with height occur.  They form updraft rotations, that may form a wall cloud. The wall cloud tends to form closer to the center of the mesocyclone. As it rises, a funnel-shaped cloud may form at its center. This is the first stage of tornado formation. Mesocyclones: How is it related to tornados? How a tornado occurs:

  25. Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=jda0yhcdQxg

  26. K.S What is the first stage of tornado formation?

  27. A Gerald Kimeu Production: Climate Change We will know how human activities cause significant changes to Earth’s Climate.

  28. Climate Earth’s climate consists of the measures of temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure wind, precipitation and other meteorological measures of an area over long periods of time. The climate of an area is dependent of is terrain, altitude, latitude and water bodies There many different types of climate on earth such as: tundra, humid subtropical and arid to name a few

  29. What is Climate Change? Earth is going through a substantial change in its climate. Climate change is major and long lasting change of weather patterns. Climate change is caused by human induced alterations of nature by activities such as building cities or burning fossil fuels. These human activities have lead to an increase of greenhouse gases which in part has lead to major climate change in earth.

  30. Global Warming One of the major problems that we face today is global warming. Global warming is the rise of the average temperature of Earth’s atmosphere and oceans. This warming is primarily caused by an increasing concentration of greenhouse gases. These gases are really effective at trapping radiation. Human activities such as the burning fossil fuels, deforestation and pollution have contributed to the increase of greenhouse gases and a rapid continuation of global warming

  31. Humans and Climate Change One of the leading causes of climate change is the burning of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are any carbon based fuel derived from decomposed remains of animals. Pollution is caused in part by the burning of fossil fuels which includes exhaust from cars. Burning fossil fuel releases carbon dioxide which is a major gas that included in the greenhouse effect. Another cause is deforestation, the clearance of forests, which impacts the number of carbon dioxide that stays in the atmosphere. Tree are significant in the reduction of greenhouse gases because they intake carbon dioxide and release oxygen. These activities have created significant changes in earths climate which in turn as lead to global arming, a world wide epidemic which might lead to the extinction of some species of animals.

  32. Video: http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/environment/global-warming-environment/global-warming-101/

  33. KSWhat is global warming?

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