Wayne DC9435 13.2kV multi-grounded Y

1. Wayne DC9435 13.2kV multi-grounded Y Emergency installation of 2MW Diesel internal to the distribution circuit operated in parallel to grid uses wireless communication of circuit loading from substation enabling generator to manage circuit loading to a specific level.

2. Richville 2.5 MVA, 41.57/4.8 kV Substation 2MW Diesel Islanded to perform maintenance 17.5 miles of radial 41.57kV exposure feeds Richville and Quail Substations Richville Substation (rural substation in Michigan’s Thumb region) 36 miles of 4.8kV delta Feeds 384 customers A peak load of 1.5 MVA

3. Milford - 1 MW Nat Gas Huron Valley Middle School

4. SEOCWA –Webster DC 371 Leased Water Board 500KW DG

5. New 1.5MW 4.8kV direct connect blended fuel DG

6. Keys to Siting

7. Load Analysis for 2002 Summer

8. Probable Run Time and Durations 97F 4 days 29 hrs 97F 4 days 29 hrs Hrs 1-10 PM Hrs 1-10 PM 3 PM-9 PM 1 PM-9 PM

9. Noise – db verse distance Our practice is to talk to neighbors within 300 ft 53

10. The Lease “The great enemy of clear language is insincerity. When there is a gap between one’s real and one’s declared aim, one turns, as it were instinctively, to long words and exhausted idioms, like a cuttlefish (octopus) squirting out ink” George Orwell, “Politics and the English Language” Keep it Simple Copies of our beginning 3 page lease available on request

11. Automatic Load Following

12. Emergency Rating Normal Rating Automatic Load Following Distribution Circuit Load Transformer Load Generator Load

13. Methods of Operation Radio,Phone Cell, Fiber etc

14. Estimating Loads

15. Meter-in-a-Box Load Current, Communication and AC Power cables

16. Load Monitoring Switchgear Position Recording Ammeter CT X and Z Phase current brought to meter Sum the returns to get Y Phase

17. Communications (Union Lake) SOC/ROC via RDN Gen Meter RTU PLC Radio Hard wire DC Meter Fiber

18. DG Installations Load Analysis 2002 26 days of 90+ 2003 2 days of 90+ 2004 3 days of 90+ 2005 20 days of 90+ Indicates that loading reached emergency rating

19. Premium Power

20. Adell Broadcasting Alps Automotive Arctic Cold Storage ASC Global Beaumont Hospital Botsford Hospital Flat Rock Community Center Karmann Manufacturing Lawrence Tech Meadowbrook Insurance Metropolitan Baking SY Systems Trinity Health Care-Warde Labs Washtenaw Co (multiple locations) Wayne State University Grand Total 600 kW 500 kW 750 kW 2,000 kW 300 kW 150 kW 500 kW 1,000 kW 300 kW 800 kW 600 kW 500 kW 600 kW 850 kW 300 kW 9,750 kW Premium Power Customers • Key Markets • Communications • Education • Food Service • Healthcare • Manufacturing • Municipal

21. ASC Incorporated Description: 2000 kW diesel standby generator with 3000 amp Closed-transition transfer switch Location: Gibraltar, Michigan Service: Keeping a Tier-1 auto parts manufacturing facility operating during utility power interruptions Drivers: Avoided over $400k in line extension capital expenditure Lower energy cost by moving to interruptible tariff Support “just-in-time” delivery system Status: Inservice September 2004

22. Customer DG & Interruptibles

23. Customer DG & Interruptibles

24. Questions & Discussion

25. DTE’s Other DER Work • Annual Utility DG Conference (Apr 26-28, 2006) • Hydrogen Power Park • Next Energy • Mobile Microgrid • SCE’s E2I RFP Development • GridApps – DoE, CTC, & Utilities • DoE DER Penetration limits study • Army Collaborative Tools – Disaster Recovery • Voltage Regulation Study for CEC • EPRI Utility DER Integration Best Practices • DoE DER Integration & Intentional Islanding • DoE Aggregation Communication & Control

26. DoE DER Aggregation Communication and Control EDD

27. Hierarchical Control Level 3: Economic Dispatch of Aggregated Units Units available for economic dispatch Level 2: Utility Concerns & Constraints Units available from a customer perspective Level 1: Local Control

28. DEW Modeling Constraints Hours DG not available Total run hours not to exceed e.g. diesel air permit limits Real-time measurements Primarily circuit head measurements with some SCADA internal to circuit Set points Control Load Scale Power Flow Historical measurements Customer meter info and sales

29. Phase II DERs (Phase I + Phase II) Type No. Units kW Nat. Gas 16 4,575 Biogas 1 6,600 Diesel 6 8,350 Hydrogen/Nat. Gas Various 1,036 Load Reduction Substation 600 Micro turbine 3 460 Fuel Cell 2 10 Solar 2 26 Battery 1 200 TOTAL 21,457

30. Summary of DER Benefits • Customer • Manage demand • Standby • Lower rates • Utility - Wires Company • Customer retention • Manage loading • On peak • Shutdowns • Emergency • Utility - Generation Company • Energy • Capacity

31. Conclusion • Win – Win (important that utility derive benefits also) • Aggregation and Sale can be done through the utility • Do not discourage participation with onerous rules and penalties • DER are also important for sticks and wires (not just generation capacity and energy) • Unity power factor at the point of Common Coupling (DGs to put out vars for voltage and var support also) • Utilities need to experiment with DER

32. Questions & Discussion

33. PCC • Distributed Generation in sellback mode • Distributed Generation parallel non-sellback mode • Standby Generator non-parallel non-sellback mode • Interruptible Load Sell Back PCC II - Non Sell Back PCC Standby Interruptible

34. Case Study T&D Substation Expansion $4,000K $400K DR 1 DR Capital Cost $ 880K $ 88K O&M $ 15K $ 15K DR1 Total Cost $ 895K $103K DR2 DR Capital Installation $ 150K $ 15K O&M $ 15K $ 15K DR2 Installation Total Cost $ 165K $ 30K The installation of the DER is a more economic alternative for the initial deferral of the substation, here again because of having already purchased the DER the saving are even greater.