1 / 20

The KM3NeT project

The KM3NeT project. Introduction & Main objectives The KM3NeT Technical Design Report Telescope physics performance New developments Summary. Motivation for the high energy neutrino detection. Neutrino will provide unique pieces of information on High Energy Universe Physics case

asis
Download Presentation

The KM3NeT project

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The KM3NeT project • Introduction & Main objectives • The KM3NeT Technical Design Report • Telescope physics performance • New developments • Summary

  2. Motivation for the high energy neutrino detection • Neutrino willprovideuniquepiecesof information on High Energy Universe • Physics case • Astrophysical high energy neutrino sources (SNR, microquasars, AGN, GRB) • Originofcosmicrays • Unknown neutrino sources • Indirectsearchof Dark Matter

  3. Detection principle – TeV-PeV => Optical Cherenkov Estimates indicate that a detector sizeof the orderof km3 isneededfornastronomy • Upward-going neutrinos interact in rock or ice or sea/lake water. • Emerging charged particles (in particular muons) produce Cherenkov light in water/ice • Detection by array of photomultipliers • Muon direction reconstructed from photon arrival times and PMT positions

  4. High energy neutrino telescope world map ANTARES, NEMO, NESTOR KM3NeT Baikal Pylos La Seyne Capo Passero AMANDA IceCube

  5. KM3NeT: towards a km3-scale ntelescopein the MediterraneanSea • KM3NeT consortiumconsistsof 40 Europeaninstitutesincludingthose in Antares, Nemo and Nestor • KM3NeT Design Studydefinedtelescope design and outlinedmaintechnologicaloptions • Approved under the 6° FP (funded by EU for the period 2006-2009) • Conceptual Design Report published in 2008 http://www.km3net.org/public.php • Technical Design Report (TDR) outlines technologies for the construction, deployment and maintenance of a deep sea neutrino telescope http://www.km3net.org/public.php (TDR contents frozen in November 2009) • KM3NeT PreparatoryPhasedefinelegal, governance and fundingaspects. Production planesfor the detector elements, infrastructurefeatures and prototypevalidationwillbealsodefined • Approved under the 7° FP (funded by EU for the period 2008-2012)

  6. KM3NeT mainobjectives • Energy range and main physics goals • Investigate neutrino “point sources”  optimisation in the energy regime 1-100 TeV with a coverage of most of the sky including the Galactic Centre • Implementation requirements • Construction time ≤5 years • Operation over at least 10 years without “major maintenance” • Cabled platform for deep-sea research (marine sciences)

  7. Sky viewof a MediterraneanSeatelescope Sensitivity for up-going neutrinos considered From Mediterranean 24h per day visibility up to about d=-50° >25% >75% • KM3NeT complements the IceCube field of view • KM3NeT observes a large part of the sky (~3.5p)

  8. KM3NeT: an artistic view Detection Units Secondary Junction boxes Primary Junction box Electro-optical cable

  9. TechnicalChallenges and Telescope Design • Technical designObjective: Build 3D-array of photodetectors andconnect them to shore (data, power, slow control) • Optical modules • Data acquisition, information technology and electronics • Mechanical structures • Deep-sea infrastructure • Deployment • Calibration Design rationale: Cost-effectiveReliableProducableEasy to deploy Builds on the experience gained with ANTARES, NEMO and NESTOR

  10. Otherissuesaddressed in the Design Study • Site characteristics • Measure site characteristics (optical properties and optical background, currents, sedimentation, …) • Simulations • Determine detector sensitivity, optimise detector parameters • Earth and Sea science requirements • Define the infrastructure needed to implement multidisciplinary science nodes

  11. Single PMT OpticalModule • 8” PMT with 35% quantum efficiency inside a 13” glass sphere • good timing • evolution from pilot projects => well known technology

  12. Multi-PMTOpticalModule • 31 3” PMTs inside a 17” glass sphere • with 31 bases (total ~140 mW) • Cooling shield and stem • First full prototype end of 2010 • Single vs multi photon hit separation • Largerphotocade area per OM 12

  13. TDR - Detection Unitconcepts DUs are the mechanicalstructuresthatholdOMs, enviromentalsensors, electronics,… Triangular arrangements of OMs with single-PMTs or multi-PMT Evolution of the ANTARES storey Slender string Vertical sequence of multi-PMTs OMs Flexible tower with horizontal bars equipped with single-PMTs or multi-PMT OMs Simulations indicate that local 3D OM arrangement resolve ambiguities in the reconstruction of the muonazimuthal angle

  14. Deploymentstrategy • Compact package & Self unfurling => easy logistics that speeds up and eases deployment • Connection to seabed network by Remotely Operated Vehicle The packed flexible tower Spherical deployment structure for string with multi-PMT OM Successful deployment test in February 2010 Successful deployment test in December 2009

  15. KM3NeT performance Detector resolution Median of DWn-mrec Up-going neutrino Effective Area ☐Quality Cuts applied (0.2°@30TeV) Quality Cuts optimized for sensitivity m q n-m n

  16. TDR- KM3NeT Sensitivity & Discovery potential Sensitivity and discovery fluxes for point like sources with a E-2 spectrum for 1 year of observation time (full detector 154 DUx2) KM3NeT sensitivity 90%CL KM3NeT discovery 5s 50% IceCube sensitivity 90%CL IceCube discovery 5s 50% 2.5÷3.5 above sensitivity flux. (extrapolation from IceCube 40 string configuration) unbinned method binned method |Observed Galactic TeV-g sources (SNR, unidentified, microquazars) F. Aharonian et al. Rep. Prog. Phys. (2008) Abdo et al., MILAGRO, Astrophys. J. 658 L33-L36 (2007) Galactic Centre Observationof RXJ1713 at 5s withinabout5years Sensitivity and discoverypotentialwillimprovewithunbinnedanalysis

  17. Developmentsafter the TDR • Major efforttowards the construction and validationofpre-productionmodelof the DU underway • Bar with horizontal extent • Optimised design and plan for extensive deployment tests defined • Multi-PMT Optical Module • Development plan for validation of technology and validation procedure defined • Optimization of simulation of the detector performance ongoing • Deployment of first prototype DU planned end 2011 • Hkhk • Gjgjgj • Gjgjg • hjkhjhj

  18. Packaging of a towerwith 20 storeyfor compact deployment 2.6 m 6 m 1.1 m

  19. Concludingremarks • The KM3NeT TDR is a major milestonefor KM3NeT • Km3NeT detector volume willbeabout5 km3 • KM3NeT activities, togetherwiththe success of the pilotprojects, puts the project on a firmground • KM3NeT will cover a largefraction (87%) of the skywith a sensitivity and discoverpotentialthatwillbebetterthananyother neutrino telescope

  20. Concludingremarks • Major impact also on the deep-seasciences • Technologicalsolutionsdevelopedby KM3NeT modified the state-of-the-artfordeep-seasciences • Strong synergieswith the EMSO project • Collaborationwith INGV and IFREMER alreadyactive at the Catania and Toulonsites • Significantaccelerationof the convergenceprocesstowards a uniquetechnicalsolution • Finalprototypingprocesswillbecoordinatedwithin the PreparatoryPhase

More Related