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AP Psychology. 11/6/13. Warm-up. Explain what each of the following is without using notes (if possible): Selective attention Inattentional blindness Change blindness Choice blindness Choice-blindness blindness Figure-ground relationship. Gestalt.
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AP Psychology 11/6/13
Warm-up • Explain what each of the following is without using notes (if possible): Selective attention Inattentional blindness Change blindness Choice blindness Choice-blindness blindness Figure-ground relationship
Gestalt • On the board draw an image that demonstrates one of the Gestalt principles. Each person should draw one. Proximity Similarity Closure Continuity Connectedness
Depth perception • The ability to estimate the distance of an object from us. • Visual cliff—inborn or learned?
Binocular cues Binocular: two eyes • Retinal disparity (2.5” apart) • Stereopsis (overlapping 2 images into 1) • Convergence (eye muscle strain)
Monocular cues Monocular: one eye • Interposition (blocking images) • Motion parallax (stable objects moving) http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Parallax.gif • Relative size (smaller = farther away) • Relative clarity (hazier = farther away) • Texture gradient (denser = farther away) • Relative height (higher = farther away) • Linear perspective (convergence = farther away) • Light and shadow (dimmer/shaded = farther away)
Phi phenomenon http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/Phi_Phenomenon.gif Illusion of movement
Stroop Effect http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/java/ready.html
Perceptual constancy • Objects are unchanging, regardless of changing stimuli (light, placement, etc.) • Shape, location, brightness, & size
Perceptual Adaptation • Anything that adjusts what you sense requires adjustment in your perception (e.g. new glasses = disorientation for a day). • You can adapt to anything, even inverted sight, with enough time.
Perceptual Set • Experiences, assumptions, and expectations influence what we perceive.
Explain • How is your perceptual set related to perceptual constancy?
Identify the psychological factors at work… http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=II_-QcW4Q4I
Homework • Read section on ESP (pages 264-268) • Read beginning of States of Consciousness (pages 271-289)