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Design Criteria

Design Criteria. CTC 440. Objectives. Know what “design criteria” means Determine design criteria for various types of facilities. Design Criteria. Project Specific Listing of the Standards for Critical Design Elements Provides the minimum standards normally used

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Design Criteria

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  1. Design Criteria CTC 440

  2. Objectives • Know what “design criteria” means • Determine design criteria for various types of facilities

  3. Design Criteria • Project Specific Listing of the Standards for Critical Design Elements • Provides the minimum standards normally used • Values greater than the minimum standard should be used when feasible • Must justify features if design criteria cannot be met

  4. Influenced by: • Functional Classification of Highway • Traffic Volumes • Operating Speed • Terrain • Project Type

  5. 2.2 Project Types (4) Reconstruction / New Construction • Work to replace an existing highway, including any necessary geometric improvements Resurfacing, Restoration & Rehabilitation (3R) on Interstates and Freeways • Work is generally limited to pavement resurfacing, restoration, or rehabilitation Intersection Reconstruction • Work consists of operational improvements at one or more intersections (turn lanes and widenings, improvements such as signs, lighting, drainage improvements, installation of signals, channelization, and/or pavement markings) Bridge Projects • Purpose of project is to construct a new bridge or to replace or rehabilitate an existing bridge. Incidental work on the approaches may be included.

  6. 2.3 Design Criteria Sources • A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets (2001) • A Policy on Design Standards, Interstate System (2002 Draft) • NYSDOT Bridge Manual • Guidelines for Highways within the Adirondack Park (1996) • Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) • National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP)

  7. 2.4 Functional Classification of Highways • Different roadways have different functions • Freeways move high traffic volumes at high speeds w/ limited local access  • Local roads sacrifice high speed and volume for increased local access • Arterials & collectors provide intermediate service between these two extremes • Urban and rural roadways are very different and are therefore classified separately • Classification should be determined based on anticipated character

  8. Interstates and Other Freeways • Interstates –located on the interstate highway system • Other freeways-not on the interstate system but are high volume facilities with complete control of access (expressways, multi-lane divided parkways, and parkways with occasional at-grade intersections fall into this category).

  9. Arterials (rural and urban) • Carry large traffic volumes between major points

  10. Collector Roads and Streets (rural and urban) • Collect and distribute traffic while providing access to abutting properties

  11. Local Roads and Streets (rural and urban) • Primary purpose is access to abutting property

  12. Other Roadways • Parkways - designated by law • Ramps - Turning roadways that connect two or more legs of an interchange  • Speed Change Lanes - auxiliary lane used for accelerating or decelerating • Turning Roadways - separate connecting roadways at high type intersections • Collector/Distributor Roads - auxiliary roadways w/in or between interchanges • Frontage Roads - auxiliary roadways along controlled access facilities • Climbing Lanes - auxiliary lanes provided for ascending steep grades

  13. 2.5 Project Data • Traffic • Terrain • Special Routes

  14. Traffic Traffic data • ADT (2-way, average daily traffic, time period between 1 day and 1 year) • AADT (2-way annual average daily traffic, time period of 1 year) • DHV (2-way design hour volume) • DDHV (one-way, directional design hour volume) • Large Vehicles • Trucks, buses, and RV’s (recreational vehicles) Traffic Design Year • ETC (Estimated time of completion) • ETC + 10 • ETC + 20 • ETC + 30

  15. Terrain • Level • Rolling • Mountainous

  16. Special Routes • Strategic Highway Corridor Network (STRAHNET) - Established by the Department of Defense (min vertical clearance 4.9 m) • Designated Qualifying and Access Highways (consists of reasonable access routes for special dimension vehicles) • Bicycle Routes • National Highway System (NHS)

  17. 2.6 Critical Design Elements 1. Design Speed 2. Lane Width  3. Shoulder Width 4. Bridge Roadway Width 5. Grade 6. Horizontal Curvature 7. Superelevation 8. Stopping Sight Distance (Horizontal and Vertical) 9. Horizontal Clearance 10. Vertical Clearance 11. Travel Lane Cross Slope 12. Rollover 13. Structural Capacity 14. Level of Service (applies only to interstate highways) 15. Control of Access 16. Pedestrian Accommodation 17. Median Width

  18. 2.6 Critical Design Elements (metric in app) • Interstates   • Other Freeways • Rural Arterials • Urban Arterials • Rural Collectors • Urban Collectors • Local Rural Roads • Local Urban Streets

  19. 2.6 Critical Design Elements-other roadways • Parkways • Ramps • Speed Change Lanes • Turning Roadways • Collector-Distributor Roads • Frontage Roads • Climbing Lanes

  20. Documenting Design Criteria Exhibit 2-16

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