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Afghanistan

Afghanistan. Information from CIA World Fact Book 2010. Type of government Islamic republic Legal system based on mixed civil and sharia law Religion Sunni Muslim 80% Shia Muslim 19% other 1%. Economy

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Afghanistan

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  1. Afghanistan Information from CIA World Fact Book 2010

  2. Type of government • Islamic republic • Legal system based on mixed civil and sharia law • Religion • Sunni Muslim 80% • Shia Muslim 19% • other 1%

  3. Economy • Afghanistan is extremely poor, landlocked, and highly dependent on foreign aid, agriculture, and trade with neighboring countries. • Afghanistan's living standards are among the lowest in the world, with 50% of the nation living below poverty level • Currency • Afghani

  4. Ethnic groups • Pashtun 42% • Tajik 27% • Others 31%

  5. Geography/climate • arid to semiarid • cold winters and hot summers • mostly rugged mountains • plains in north and southwest • damaging earthquakes occur in Hindu Kush mountains; flooding; droughts

  6. Languages: • Afghan Persian or Dari (official) 50% • Pashto (official) 35% • Much bilingualism • Capital city • Kabul

  7. Environmental Issues • Limited natural fresh water resources • Inadequate supplies of potable water • Soil degradation • Overgrazing • Deforestation (much of the remaining forests are being cut down for fuel and building materials) • Desertification • Air and water pollution

  8. Natural resources • natural gas, petroleum, coal, copper, chromite, talc, barites, sulfur, lead, zinc, iron ore, salt, precious and semiprecious stones • Major Industry • small-scale production of textiles, soap, furniture, shoes, fertilizer, apparel, food-products, non-alcoholic beverages, mineral water, cement; handwoven carpets; natural gas, coal, copper • opium, wheat, fruits, nuts; wool, mutton, sheepskins, lambskins

  9. History (founding of country) • The first in populating the Afghan territory were the nomadic tribes, settling down in the mountains in 1500 BC, which later belonged to the Persian Empire • Afghanistan exists at a crossroads where numerous civilizations have fought for territory. It has been invaded by many, including Alexander the Great and Ghingus Khan. • The origin of the nation of Afghanistan was created by Ahmad Shah Durrani, who obtained the union of all the tribes in 1747, fighting Persia and India, establishing a monarchy that lasted until 1973.

  10. History • In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded the country to support the communist government, creating a civil war between Afghans and Soviets. • In 1996 the Taliban took Kabul, establishing a fundamentalist government. Since then, Afghanistan has been governed by an iron religious and political fundamentalism.

  11. Literacy rate • total population: 28.1% • male: 43.1% • female: 12.6% • Life expectancy • total population: 44 years • male: 44 years • female: 45 years

  12. GDP • $27.01 billion • 50% citizens below poverty level • Per capita $1000 • Population • 28,395,716

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