Topic: Population Distribution Aim: In what ways is population distributed throughout the world?

1. Topic: Population DistributionAim: In what ways is population distributed throughout the world? • Do Now: • How many brothers and sisters do you have? • How many did your parents have? • How many did your grandparents have?

2. People are NOT distributed evenly across the Earth. Population is clustered in the mid latitude climates and relatively sparse in the dry and polar climates or the highlands.

3. Why Study Population??? • The world population increased at a faster rate during the second half of the twentieth century than ever before in history. • Virtually all global population growth is concentrated in less developed countries. • More people are alive at this time, in excess of 6 billion than at anytime in human history. Kolkata, India http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sc4HxPxNrZ0`

4. Demography: • The study of human populations, particularly the size, distribution, and characteristics of members of population groups. • Key Issues: Food supply, health and life expectancy, status of women, and migration

5. Population Distribution • Unevenly distributed, 3 major areas of high density, China, India & Europe. • Near water, oceans, seas, lakes or rivers, temperate, low lying areas with fertile soils. • 7 billion now, projected to rise to 9.3 billion by 2050. • 6 countries will account for half the population- India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, China, Indonesia and Nigeria.

6. What factors influence population distribution? • Environmental factors: • What type of natural resources are in the area? Does it have oil, or arable land or access to water? • What is the climate like? • Does it have capital resources such as transportation and technology?

7. Densely populated regions Low lands Fertile soil Temperate climate Sparsely Populated Regions dry lands wet lands high lands cold lands Population Distribution:

8. Sparsely Populated Regions: • Dry Areas: areas too dry for farming cover approximately 20 percent of Earth’s land surface. Deserts generally lack sufficient water to grow crops. • Wet Areas:areas that receive very high levels of precipitation. These areas are located primarily near the equator. The combination of rain and heat rapidly depletes nutrients from the soil, hindering agriculture • Cold Areas: much of the land near the North and South poles,perpetually covered with ice (permafrost). • High Areas: relatively few people live at high elevations with some significant exceptions in Latin America and Africa.

9. Egypt’s population distribution is closely linked to the proximity of water. In the north, the population clusters along the Mediterranean and in the interior, along the banks of the Nile River. (2004)

10. Ecumene: • The portion of Earth’s surface which is occupied by permanent human settlement. • This has increased over time • 3/4 of people live on 5% of earth's surface

15. Population J-Curve:This graphs depicts the actual growth in human population from the beginning of agriculture until 2000!

17. Population Growth

18. The World and the Top 10: • World 6,602,224,175 • China 1,321,851,888 • India 1,129,866,154 • United States 301,139,947 • Indonesia 234,693,997 • Brazil 190,010,647 • Pakistan 164,741,924 • Bangladesh 150,448,339 • Russia 141,377,752 • Nigeria 138,898,084 • Japan 127,690,000

19. Population Distribution: Descriptions of locations on the Earth’s surface where individuals or groups (depending on the scale) live. Dot Map of World Population: On this map, one dot represents 100,000 people

20. Cartogram Countries are displayed by size of population rather than land area. Countries named have at least 50 million people.

21. Approx. 80% of world’s population lives in less-developed countries (all of Africa, Asia [excluding Japan], Latin America, and the island nations of the Caribbean and Pacific. • Two countries, India & Japan, each have over 1 billion people and account for 1/3 or the world’s current population. AFRICA ASIA

24. Major Population Concentrations: • East Asia: 1/4 of the world’s population is here-China with 1.3 billion. • There are ribbon like extensions in China along the Chang and Huang rivers, but most live on the east coast. • Other areas include Japan, Korea • Most people are farmers, not city dwellers.

25. Major Population Concentrations: • South Asia: the 2nd major population cluster. • Like East Asia there are finger-like extension of dense pop. that follows the Ganges and Indus rivers. • There are 1.5 billion in South Asia and India recently passed the 1 billion mark. • Bangladesh (size of Iowa) with 141 million.

27. Major Population Concentrations: • Europe: the 3rd in population with 700 million. • Europe is very urbanized with 75% to 90% living in cities. • Europe’s population distribution is not closely tied to terrain, but more closely tied to coal fields. • Population density varies from the highest in the Netherlands to very low in Iceland.

28. Southeast Asia: • The world’s fourth-largest population cluster, after Europe, is in Southeast Asia, mostly on a series of islands. • Indonesia, which consists of 13,677 islands, is the world’s fourth most populous country. • High percentage of farmers in rural areas • Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Singapore, New Guinea, Malasia

29. Major Population Concentrations: • North America: East Central US and SE Canada equals ¼ the size of the smallest Eurasian concentration. • Unlike Europe, North America has large areas of sparsely populated regions. • Megalopolis Boston to Washington, D.C. which includes New York, Philadelphia and Boston. • Other major population concentrations: Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego.

31. National Geographic - The Face of 7 Billion: • http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2011/03/age-of-man/face-interactive