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Napoleon Bonaparte. Chapter Eleven; Section Four. Consul and Emperor. 1799 Created a new government called the Consulate . ( Supposedly a Republic) 1801 Catholicism became official religion 1802 Named himself Consul for Life
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Napoleon Bonaparte Chapter Eleven; Section Four
Consul and Emperor • 1799 Created a new government called the Consulate. (Supposedly a Republic) • 1801Catholicismbecame official religion • 1802 Named himself Consul for Life • 1804 Crowned himself Emperor of France • 1805 Napoleonic Code or Civil Code • Equality of all citizens before the law. • Right of an individual to choose profession. • Religious toleration • Abolition of Serfdom and Feudalism • The rights of women diminished under this Code. • Promotion based upon talent and ability
Napoleon’s Empire • 1802 Peace treaty with Russia, Austria, and Britain. • 1805-07 France defeated Austria, Prussia, and Russian armies. • 1807-12 Napoleon’s Grand Empire • France from the Rhine to Italy, north of Rome • Kingdoms of Spain, Holland, Italy, Rhine Confederation • Allied states of Prussia, Austria, Russia, and Sweden
Collapse of the Grand Empire • Britain’s Survival • Naval Power • French/Spanish defeat in the Battle of Trafalgar • Failure of the Continental System, which was the blockade of British goods to Europe. • Nationalism • The unique cultural identity of a people based on common language, religion, and national symbols. • Aroused nationalism in other European countries: • They were hated oppressors. • Created hope in their own nation.
Fall of Napoleon • 1812-13 France lost to Russia • Scorched Earth Policy and Weather • 1814 Paris was taken over and power was restored to the Bourbon Monarchy • Exiled to Elba • 1815 Due to King Louis XVIII’s lack of support, Napoleon returned to Paris. Battle of Waterloo • In Belgium, battled against both Britain and Prussia • Led by Duke Wellington and defeated • Napoleon was exiled to St. Helena