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Napoleon Bonaparte

Napoleon Bonaparte. Rise of Napoleon. Moderates Return to Power Beginning in 1795, a five-man “Directory” supported by a legislature held power in France This government was weak and could not control bread prices or the threat of riots Napoleon’s Rise to Power

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Napoleon Bonaparte

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  1. Napoleon Bonaparte

  2. Rise of Napoleon • Moderates Return to Power • Beginning in 1795, a five-man “Directory” supported by a legislature held power in France • This government was weak and could not control bread prices or the threat of riots • Napoleon’s Rise to Power • When the Revolution started, Napoleon Bonaparte was a low-level military officer with dreams of glory • After victories against the British and Austrians, Napoleon became popular and had little trouble leading a coup d’etatto take control of the weak Directory in 1799 • After three years, Napoleon took the title of “Emperor of the French” • After giving himself absolute power, the French people were given the stability they needed

  3. Napoleon Bonaparte • Napoleon’s Achievements • Economy • Napoleon controlled prices, supported new industry, and built roads and canals • Education • Napoleon established a government-supervised public school • Napoleonic Code • The Napoleonic Code was a legal code that included many Enlightenment ideas, such as the legal equality of citizens and religious toleration

  4. Napoleon Bonaparte • From 1804 to 1814, Napoleon ruled the French Empire • Napoleon often replaced the monarchs of defeated nations with his friends and relatives • Of the European powers, only Great Britain and Russia remained beyond Napoleon’s reach

  5. Napoleon’s Fall from Power • Several Reasons for Fall • Most people looked on Napoleon’s armies as foreign oppressors • Nationalistic feelings encouraged people across Europe to revolt against French rule • Napoleon underestimates Russian resolve • As his armies headed west, the Russians retreated east • The ‘scorched earth’ policy left the French troops hungry and cold • Most of Napoleon’s army was lost during the Russian winter

  6. Napoleon’s Fall from Power • Several Reason’s for Fall • Russia, Great Britain, Austria, and Prussia form an alliance and defeat Napoleon in 1814 • After returning from exile, the British and Prussian forces at Waterloo defeated Napoleon in 1815 • The loss ended his reign as emperor and forced into exile in which he never returned

  7. Effects of the French Revolution • Democratic Ideals • Napoleon’s conquests spread the ideals of democracy throughout Europe • People wanted liberty from absolute monarchs and unjust governments • They expressed fraternity, or brotherhood, by working together for a common cause

  8. Effects of the French Revolution • Nationalism • French Revolution and Napoleon’s conquests inspired nationalistic pride for French • National loyalty replaced loyalty to monarch or local authority • Also influenced nationalistic feelings in areas Napoleon conquered • Italy, Germany

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