Chapter 3 Earth’s Human Geography

1. Chapter 3Earth’s Human Geography

2. 25 Vocabulary Terms to Know! • Population • Population distribution governments • Demography state • Population density dependencies • Birthrate nation-states • Death rate city-states • Migration empires • Immigrant constitutions • Urbanization p. 84 International Organizations • Rural • Urban Chapter Population 3-1 p. 60-66 • Economy Migration 3-2 p. 67-73 • Producers • Consumers • Communism • Developed • Developing

3. Population p. 60

4. The period of rapid population distribution around the globe happened during the 1500’s during the Scientific Revolution based on thought learning, and experimentation.

5. What can you conclude from the map? p. 62

6. Birthrate and Death Rate p. 64

8. Death rate Reduction Thanks to scaled up support for simple, relatively inexpensive solutions like anti-malaria mosquito nets, measles vaccinations and vitamin supplements, the number of children dying before their fifth birthdays each year has been cut to the lowest level ever on record, 8.8 million, according to a report released today by Unicef.

9. Migration • Voluntary • Involuntary • Urbanization • Colonization p. 67

10. Why the Bantu Migration? • It is not clear when exactly the Bantu had moved into the savannahs to the south, in what are now the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola, and Zambia. • Such processes of state formation occurred with increasing frequency from the 16th century onward. They were probably due to denser population, which led to more specialized divisions of labour, including military power, while making emigration more difficult, further due to increased trade among African communities . • Trade was encouraged with European and Arab traders and the Coast people (Swahili) along the coasts (Indian Ocean), with technological developments in economic activity, and new techniques in the political, spiritual ritualization of royalty as the source of national strength and health.

11. The Bantu Migration

12. Transatlantic Slave Trade p. 68

13. How does trade benefit countries in Africa? • It increases the amount of goods available to consumers.

14. What two religions were part of Africa’s beginnings?

15. What were some of the negative effects of European colonization in other contries?

16. Australians died from European diseases from the settlers.

17. Triangular Trade Route- Connecting Africa,Europe, and the Americas Operating from the 16th – Early 19th. Centuries

18. 1700’s African Slave Trade Europeans wanted slaves to work on their colonial plantations.

19. Africans were also enslaved and captured by other Africans. Not just Europeans!

20. Migration from South Asia p. 69

21. Globalization • Globalization is nothing more than a complex series of transactions across the planet it is the trade between and among nations that make us global.

22. Timbuktu – MaliTrade Center Western Africa It developed as a center for the trans-Saharan trade network.

23. Globalization

24. What makes it easier for countries to trade with one another? Exchanging Currencies Exchange Rate

25. Urban vs. Rural Urban- Cities Rural- Countryside p. 70

26. Write a generalization from the chart.

27. Urban vs. Rural

28. Which country has a higher standard of living?

29. Vietnam because it has a higher per capita GDP or per person quota.

30. Economic Systems: • Private Ownership-Capitalism • Government Ownership-Communism • Mixed Ownership- Hardly any nation is a “PURE” system. The U.S. has a capitalist economic system however the government builds and maintains roads and other services. p. 75

31. Types of States- • Dependencies- regions that belong to another state. • Nation States- states that are independent. • City States- small city centered states. • Empires- States containing several countries.

32. Types of Governments • Direct Democracy • Tribal Rule • Absolute Monarchy • Dictatorship • Oligarchy • Constitutional Monarchy • Representative Democracy p. 82

33. Direct Democracy • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vu8J_UKKa-c

34. Tribal Rule

35. Absolute Monarchy

36. Dictatorship Communist Dictatorship Memorial- Budapest

37. Oligarchy

38. Constitutional Monarchy

39. Representative Democracy

40. Developed vs. Developing • Similar Names for Developed1. Modern2. Western3. Civilized • Similiar Name for Developing1. Third World2. Under-Developed3. Primitive p. 76

41. Only about one-fifth of the world’s people live in developed nations, which include the United States, Canada, Japan, and most European nations. • Most of the world’s people live in developing nations, which are mainly in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

42. Developed • Characteristics of developed nations • Most people: • have enough food and water • live in towns or cities • work in factories or offices • can get an education • have access to adequate healthcare • Machines do most of the work. • Most food is grown by commercial farmers. • Problems of developed nations • There is some unemployment. • Industry and cars pollute the environment.

43. Developing • Characteristics of developing nations • There is not great wealth. • People and animals do most of the work. • Many people are subsistence farmers. • Farms have little or no machinery. • Problems of developing nations • food shortages • unsafe water • disease • poor education • poor healthcare • political unrest

44. Many developed nations sell advanced technologies. • Many developing nations sell foods, natural resources such as oil, and simple industrial products. • Developed and developing nations often sell their goods to each other.

46. Can you provide 5 examples of developed nations and underdeveloped nations?

47. International Organizations • OPEC- Oil Producing Exporting Countries • NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization • UN- United Nations • UNICEF- United Nations Children's Fund • NAFTA- North American Free Trade Agreement p. 84