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The Early Republic

The Early Republic. Before the Republic. What form of government preceded the Roman Republic? Monarchy (753 BC – 509 BC) The Republic traditionally began in 509 BC. What is a Republic?. It comes from the Latin “res publica ” (public matter)

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The Early Republic

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  1. The Early Republic

  2. Before the Republic • What form of government preceded the Roman Republic? • Monarchy (753 BC – 509 BC) • The Republic traditionally began in 509 BC

  3. What is a Republic? • It comes from the Latin “res publica” (public matter) • a government in which supreme power resides in a body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by elected officers and representatives responsible to them and governing according to law (Webster’s Dictionary)

  4. Roman Republic • There was a constitution; however, it was unwritten. Mainly the constitution was a set of practices and customs set on precedent. • “A major cause of change was the long, yet successful, struggle of the common people, the plebs, to acquire legal and political equality with the upper-class patricians” (Ecce Romani)

  5. The leaders of the Roman Republic • Two consuls • One-year terms • Why such short terms? • The Romans were wary of the monarchy. They did not want a form of government where one person (rex, king) had unlimited power

  6. LuciusJunius Brutus • LuciusTarquiniusCollatinus

  7. Two Consuls Praetors magistrates Aediles Tribunes quaestors

  8. Consuls and the Magistrates • Consuls – head of civil government and generals of the army • Praetors – directed judicial system • Aediles – supervised commerce and public works • Tribunes – championed the lower class • Quaestors – handled financial matters

  9. Censors • Chosen every five years • Revised list of Senate members • Carried out the census (assigning citizens to classes)

  10. Cursushonorum • “course of offices” – Roman political careers • Think about political careers for American politicians. Is president usually the first elected office the person holds?

  11. Cursushonorum • Military service quaestor praetor Senate Consul Censor

  12. The Senate

  13. The Senate • SenatusPopulusqueRomanus

  14. The Senate • An advisory council • Members were former magistrates • Once a man became a quaestor, he was eligible for Senate membership • Although just “advised” consuls, the Senate did have a large influence in the Roman government. • Advised on finance and foreign policy • Served for life, unless expelled by censors

  15. Exit Pass • List two offices in the Roman Republic government. • What does SPQR mean?

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