Imperialism expands to Muslim Lands

1. Imperialism expands to Muslim Lands Unit Enduring Understandings 1. The motives of competition and profit often prompt people and groups to expand into new areas of opportunity. 2. Changes in technology and exchange during the 18th and 19th centuries led to the social and economic changes around the world that are still relevant today. 3. Technology, transportation and communication enabled European nations to become the dominant world powers in the 19th century. 4. Centers of global economic and political power shift over time. 5. Technology and industrial advancement can alter existing social and economic systems. Agenda – Why was the Ottoman Empireunable to effectively resist imperialism? Get core benchmarks – fix due dates – Assessment due on Monday 10/25, benchmark #2 due 10/18 and #3 due 10/20 Activelyread both selections on p 26– answer questions 1 through 5 on the bottom. Complete organizer on p 27– answer the Agenda question Write a paragraph that explains how Europeans used many different techniques and strategies to gain control of areas of Africa and Asia. Explain how European Imperialism affected the native people and how these people may view Europeans and Americans today. Finally, what are the key lessons for us today from the imperialism era? Work on core assessment

2. Muslim Lands Fall to European Imperialists Death of Suleiman the Magnificent The greatest Sultan of Ottoman Empire died after having his most capable son killed, leaving two of his sons to fight for control, leading to factionalism, a history of killing the most capable heirs, and the reverse of social Darwinism. Subsequent Ottoman Sultans were weak and ineffective, crating opportunities for subject nations to fight for independence. The weak leaders also resulted in corruption, angering subjects leading to revolts and the slow shrinking of the Empire Rise of nationalism As we learned in last unit, subject nations, learning nationalism from the French Revolution and Napoleon, developed loyalty to their nation and leading to revolts against the Ottoman Empire. Greeks, Serbs, Bulgarians and Arabs revolted, leading to the weakening of the Ottoman Empire. In many cases, these nations were aided by Europeans against the Ottomans like in the Russo-Turkish War

3. Muslim Lands Fall to European Imperialists Geopolitics World Powers wanted parts of the strategically valuable Ottoman Empire Russia wanted Black Sea ports France wanted Suez for a canal Britain wanted greater access to the Mediterranean Therefore, many European alliances were formed that led to the weakening of the Ottoman Empire Crimean War (1851), which Ottomans won with help of Britain, showed the weakness of the Empire Russo Turkish War (1877-78) resulted in many nationalities leaving the empire like Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro. Suez Canal built France builds the canal in 1869 under contract with Egypt principality of the Ottoman Empire. French company and Egypt run out of money to manage and upkeep the canal, so Britain comes in and buys much of the canal and then by 1882 takes over all of Egypt.

4. Muslim Lands Fall to European Imperialists Oil in Persia Lacking money to develop the oil fields, Persian Qajar King sells rights to a company called the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (later it changes its name to British Petroleum Company (BP) Rebellions against the Qajar dynasty occurs due to anger over selling out to foreigners The weak Qajars are forced to allow the division of Persia into two spheres of influence – the North to Russia and the South to Britain.