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Transatlantic Encounters: Impact of Columbus' Voyages on Western Europe, West Africa, and the Americas

Christopher Columbus set off a chain of events with his voyages that brought together the peoples of Western Europe, West Africa, and the Americas. The Spanish Crown financed his journey, leading to the encounter with the Taino people. Columbus' subsequent trips brought minor royalty seeking wealth, prompting the Spanish to engage in slave raids and colonization efforts that had far-reaching impacts. The Columbian Exchange transferred plants and animals between hemispheres, while the Indians faced colonization, slavery, disease, and resistance. The commencement of the slave trade and disputes over land ownership reshaped political ideas and societies, culminating in the birth of a new era with the Treaty of Tordesillas and the exploitation of resources by Spain.

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Transatlantic Encounters: Impact of Columbus' Voyages on Western Europe, West Africa, and the Americas

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  1. TRANSATLANTIC ENCOUNTERS COLUMBUS’ VOYAGES SET OFF A CHAIN OF EVENTS THAT BRING TOGETHER THE PEOPLES OF WESTERN EUROPE, WEST AFRICA, & THE AMERICAS

  2. Christopher Columbus • The Spanish Crown agreed to finance Columbus and 3 ships • On Oct. 12, 1492, they sighted land • They found peaceful people, the Taino, noble ones, who they sought to enslave within days of their arrival

  3. Christopher Columbus • On future trips, Columbus brought minor royalty, who wanted to improve their lives • Not finding gold, the Spanish went on slave raids

  4. Columbian Exchange The transfer of plants and animals from the Eastern Hemisphere to the Western Hemisphere. ( think Americas, Europe, and Africa)

  5. IMPACT ON INDIANS METHODS OF COLONIZATION • ESTABLISH SETTLEMENTS & CONTROL INDIAN INHABITANTS • EUROPEANS FORCE INDIANS TO Work & DOMINATE THEM WITH SOPHISTICATED WEAPONS RESISTANCE & CONQUEST • IN 1490s SPANISH PUT DOWN NUMEROUS REBELLIONS ON DIFFERENT ISLANDS DISEASE RAVAGES THE INDIANS • HAVE NO NATURAL IMMUNITY TO EUROPEAN DISEASES • CONTAGIOUS DISEASES KILL HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS

  6. Slave Trade Begins • To replace the dead and dying labor force, Spaniards captured more Indians from neighboring islands and Africans from Africa. • As more Indians died, the demand for Africans grew.

  7. Impact on Europeans • Political ideas were challenged • The Indians did not have a monarch, a ruler chosen by god through birth. • Spain and Portugal argued over what land “belonged” to them. • Pope Alexander VI made the decision with the Treaty of Tordesillas

  8. Treaty of Tordesillas-LANDS WEST OF LINE BELONGED TO SPAIN - LANDS EAST OF LINE TO INCLUDE BRAZIL BELONGED TO PORTUGAL

  9. New Society is Born • Columbus and Spain benefited from the “discoveries” • In 1499, Columbus found gold in Haiti and made the Indians mine the gold for them. • Future conquistadors make Spain even richer

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