NATIONAL DISASTER OPERATIONS CENTER

1. NATIONAL DISASTER OPERATIONS CENTER REPUBLIC OF KENYA MULTI SECTORAL EL NIÑO PREPAREDNESS PLAN - 2015/16 BRIEF TO DEVELOPMENT PARTNERS Presented by: El Niño Preparedness Task Force 29th September 2015

2. TASK FORCE MEMBERS

3. SITUATION ANALYSIS EL NIÑO ALERT • The Meteorological Department has issued Early Warning that the country will experience heavy rains in the period Oct – Dec 2015. • The situation is likely to continue in some parts up to Jan 2016. • The country is therefore expected to experience El Niño phenomenon.

4. MAP ON EXPECTED RAINFALL SPREAD

5. FLOOD-PRONE AREAS

6. OPPORTUNITIES • Agriculture:Increased agricultural production, especially in the areas normally associoated with food shortages, and hence increase food security. In this regard the ministry has already commenced sensitization and advisories to farmers to avoid big losses. • Water:Improved access to water to households and Institutions. Recharge of existing storage reservoirs -facilities, dams and pans and water levels. • Livestock: Improved pasture and browse and water access and therefore productivity.

7. EXPECTED CHALLENGES • Loss of lives and property • Transport and Infrastructure -Cut-offs and Road wash outs will be experienced. • Land slides and Mudslides – Will occur in some areas. • Health – Outbreaks of water-borne diseases, such as Malaria, Dengue Fever, Diarrheal and Bilharzia. • Livestock – Outbreak of Rift Valley Fever, and Foot Rot diseases • Water - Widespread destruction of water and irrigation infrastructure, Water reservoirs and contamination of both surface and ground water sources. Lack of potable water. • Education - School infrastructure may be damaged, premises submerged. Some schools will be used as evacuation centre and examination papers may require air transportation.

8. DISASTER CYCLE

9. SECTORAL CONTINGENCY PLANS

10. AGRICULTURE SECTOR Farmers Advised • The Government will support farmers in the Arid and Semi-arid areas with seeds and subsidized fertilizers to assist them prepare to take advantage of increased rainfall, and thereby increase food production. • In the areas of the Rift Valley, farmers have been encouraged to harvest early and the government will assist by providing for additional maize driers at NCPB • Sensitization of farmers: for aflatoxin prevention and control; and canalization to drain excess water. • Provision of standby relief seeds and subsidized fertilizer to enhance production and for re-planting to resume farming early after flood damage. • Enhance campaigns for promotion of appropriate grain storage structures by county extension staff.

11. PROPOSED BUDGET FOR AGRICULTURE SECTOR

12. LIVESTOCK SECTOR Negative impacts • Threat of outbreak of animal diseases such as the Rift Valley Fever (RVF), livestock deaths, infrastructure damage Government action needed • Control and surveillance of emerging livestock diseases, such as Rift Valley Fever, and other vector and endo-parasites. • Procurement and distribution of RVF vaccines • Surveillance coordination between county and national government. • Sensitization and awareness about RVF among farmers

13. RIFT VALLEY FEVER VULNERABILITY MAP

14. BUDGET FOR LIVESTOCK SECTOR

15. FISHERIES INTERVENTIONS • Support to fishery groups and fish farmers most affected • Support to restocking programmes in affected water bodies to restore fish populations • Carry out sensitization on disaster preparedness and Risk reduction measures to fishers and fish farmers • Secure and proper storage of fish to minimise post-harvest losses that will be exacerbated by El Niño conditions • Support Early Rehabilitation of facilities (Jettys) after El Niño • Compensation to fishers on loss of crafts

16. PROPOSED BUDGET FOR FISHERIES SECTOR

17. HEALTH SECTOR. • Measures are being put in place to factor in stockpiling of medicines and other medical commodities in distant places before the rains start. • To strengthen coordination at the national and the county level • To strengthen communication capability, early warning system and routine surveillance for priority diseases • To strengthen preparedness and Response to flooding related disasters disruptions • To provide Information and awareness creation to the public.

18. POSSIBLE IMPACTS TO SECTOR. • Outbreak of diseases. • Water-related and water-borne diseases, vectors; malaria, Dengue fever, highland malaria, RVF • Challenges with disease prevention and control activities. • Supply chain challenges for medical commodities. • Constraints with routine emergency referral of medical emergencies • Power interruption and outages in health facilities • Destruction of infrastructure, e.g. Flooding in health facilities. • Increased trauma and injuries. • Disruption of business continuity in health facilities • Communication failures • Surge Capacity • Effects of population displacements and IDP Centers

19. PRIORITIES INTERVENTION BY MOH • Strengthen Coordination activities. • Sensitization and Health Education nationally and within counties • Medical commodity management: - stock piling of commodities at National and counties. • Safeguard health sector business continuity during the period of forecast. • Support County disease surveillance officers in case of outbreaks of zoonotic diseases

20. PRIORITY INTERVENTIONS BY MOH • Capacity building on water related diseases, surveillance and reporting • Preposition extra commodities for outbreak response • Laboratory capacity, including referral of samples and training of personnel. • Technical assistance to Counties for Outbreak Preparedness and Response

21. BUDGET PROPOSAL FOR MOH EL-NIÑOPREPAREDNESS 2015

22. WATER SECTOR Impacts • On the positive side, the El Niño floods water can quickly fill up already existing dams and pans and the newly built ones. These include the large multi purpose dams • Negative impacts of El Niño floods are expected to be: • Widespread destruction of water and irrigation infrastructure. Water intakes may be damaged, pipes washed away and Infield irrigation structures. • Shortages of treated water is due to damaged infrastructure - not readily available forcing people to drink poor quality water. displaced people will be particularly vulnerable. • Limited access to water by Increase of water-borne diseases. Mainly due to contamination of both surface and ground water.

23. WATER SECTOR INTERVENTIONS Proposed Interventions • Implementing Community Based Flood Early Warning Systems, Flood Disaster Education, Evacuation Drill and Community Based Flood Hazard Map.. • Delivery of Clean water to affected and displaced People. • Provision of plastic tanks and collapsible water tanks. • Provision of water treatment chemicals To minimize incidences of water borne diseases, • Prepare and position rapid respond repair teams to attend to damaged water supply infrastructure. • Cleaning and desilting of IrrigationCanals, drains and also replacement of collapsed culverts in addition to reinforcing dykes

24. PROPOSED BUDGET FOR WATER SECTOR

25. EDUCATION SECTOR Anticipated Challenges • Floods could have a significant impact on education. • School infrastructure may be damaged and even entire schools premises become submerged in flood water. • The education sector estimates that 2.5 million school children will be affected by the El Niño related floods and or landslides. • Some of the schools will be used as evacuation centers for displaced hence disruption of learning. • Lightning is also a threat to pupils in some parts of the country. • National Examination papers delivery to some schools and candidates’ access to examination centers is likely to be interrupted.

26. EDUCATION SECTOR….Contd • School feeding programme is likely to get interrupted as additional pupils displaced by floods flock into schools. Interventions • Additional tents for use as classrooms and shelter may be very necessary. • Sensitization and advisories to all stakeholders to avoid adverse impacts on provision of education and national examinations to the learners. • Plans to airlift examination papers to hard to reach areas. • Enhanced security of examination papers. • Enhanced School Feeding Programme.

27. PROPOSED BUDGET FOR EDUCATION SECTOR

28. PROPOSED BUDGET FOR EDUCATION SECTOR….. Cont

29. FOOD AND NON-FOOD ITEMS IMPACTS DISPLACEMENT OF PERSONS Displacement of populations About 800,000 people are expected to be displaced by floods. • About 2,000,000 people are expected to be affected. • Displaced people will require food and non-Food items. • Food items include maize, beans, rice, and vegetable oil • Among Non-Food Items required include ; Shelter (Tents); mattresses; Blankets; Cooking utensils; Soap. • NYS will have 70,000 personnel available countrywide for tasks as required (Logistical Support) • The Ministry has also not been allocated funds for procurement of non food items. There are no funds to purchase food and non food items for El Niño emergency

30. FOOD AND NON-FOOD ITEMS

31. FOOD AND NON-FOOD ITEMS ...contd

32. TRANSPORT AND INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR IMPACT • Transport and Infrastructure Cut-offs and Road wash outs will be experienced. • Land slides and Mudslides – Will occur in steep slopes. • Overtopping of drainage structures • Flooding of the right of way • Interruption of Road development programmes • Interruption of level of service

33. ROADS INTERVENTIONS • Aggressive opening of drains and installation of protection works • De-silting of culverts and unblocking of drainage structures • Excavation of Mitre and cut-off drains • Installation of warning signs to alert motorists • Rehabilitation of critical road sections • Identification of alternative routes • Advance procurement of emergency works • Advance alert to contractors and regional managers • Stock piling of emergency equipment and supplies

34. RAILWAY LINES • The Rift Valley Railways will ensure that the Railway lines are checked and cleared in case of blockages. • Railway authority to have Teams inspecting and repairing the lines.

35. TRANSPORT SECTOR BUDGET INTERVENTIONS

36. SECURITY SECTOR • Air lifting of examination materials • Air lifting of personnel and emergency materials • Search and rescue • Protection of displaced persons • Evacuation of victims • Security escort The country wide coverage for the above activities will cost Ksh 1. Billion

37. COMMUNICATION AND COORDINATION SECTOR • The National Disaster Operations Centre (NDOC) operates 24 hrs a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. • Heavy rains are likely to damage communication lines such as landlines and mobile telephones also likely to lose their network. • In order to prepare for this forecasted El Niño disaster the Center has worked out a Communication Strategy which covers the following areas: • In order to mitigate this situation it will be crucial to make provision for High Frequency radios to be acquired for communications for the National Disaster Centre.

38. Communication Strategy • There will be established a Emergency Operations Centre (EOC) in Nairobi at the National Disaster Operations Centre. • The Centre will establish Communication link with the County Headquarters. This Communication will include Radio link, landline telephones and Mobile Telephone links. • The Strategy will launch an intensive awareness campaign to educate the masses about the impending disaster. • This will be in the following forms; • Print and electronic media • Radio Talk shows • Use of Press releases • Local FM stations to pass alerts to the local communities using vernacular languages • Road Shows • Sensitization tours by NDOC personnel and other recruited personnel

39. El Niño Communication Strategy…..contd NAIROBI NDOC Communication linkage Counties Counties Counties Counties ( 47 Counties ) Sub Counties Sub Counties Sub Counties Sub Counties

40. BUDGETARY REQUIREMENT FOR COMMUNICATION AND COORDINATION SECTOR

41. BUDGETARY REQUIREMENT FOR COMMUNICATION AND COORDINATION SECTOR

42. SUMMARY OF TOTAL BUDGET REQUIREMENT

43. General Remarks • The health sector deficit will be covered by the development partners who have pledged support • Besides the above budget, the Ministry of Agriculture recommends that the National Cereals and Produce Board be facilitated to begin mopping up the produce from early November 2015 • Lead time for livestock vaccines is at least one month, hence procurement should start immediately. • We are in the preparedness phase, and empirical evidence shows that every dollar spent in preparedness saves seven to ten dollars required for response. This the right time for interventions and support. • This budget largely addresses the preparation and response phases of the disaster cycle. However, more funds may be required for reconstruction and rehabilitation depending on the severity of the negative impacts of El Niño .

44. Counties’ contingency plans • Ministries, departments and agencies are advised to utilize available budgetary provisions and reallocations • The rationalized joint budget for preparedness and response for National and County Governments amounts to Kshs. 16.4 Billion. • The counties have committed to provide Ksh 6.6 Billion while the national government has identified Ksh.6.2 Billion from existing provisions and reallocations. • The implied gap is therefore about Ksh. 3.52 Billion • Timely intervention is of essence in order to save lives and property.

45. WAY FORWARD REQUEST TO PARTNERS • There is need to invest in preparedness in order to reduce the impact of El Niño. • Sensitization and awareness campaigns. • Need for immediate mobilization of resources. • Stockpiling and prepositioning of necessary required materials for Medicines for Human and Livestock, Food and NFIs, WASH and Mobile Bridges . • Relocation of grains in silos and drying of maize and afflatoxin preventions. • Prioritize strengthening of existing roads infrastructure. • Enhance Capacity of the National Disaster Operation Center (NDOC) and County Emergency Operation Centres.