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CHAPTER 9 Expanding Markets and Moving West

CHAPTER 9 Expanding Markets and Moving West. Section 2-Manifest Destiny Section 3-Expansion in Texas Section 4-War with Mexico. Section 2-Manifest Destiny. Many Americans believed that the

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CHAPTER 9 Expanding Markets and Moving West

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  1. CHAPTER 9Expanding Markets and Moving West Section 2-Manifest Destiny Section 3-Expansion in Texas Section 4-War with Mexico

  2. Section 2-Manifest Destiny • Many Americans believed that the • During the 1840s, some Americans came to believe that the spread westward was destined and ordained by God. • These ideas came to be known as Manifest Destiny-

  3. Manifest Destiny An Allegorical Painting by John Gast 1872

  4. Americans moved west for a number of reasons:

  5. Two of the most important trails to the West were the Santa Fe Trail and the Oregon Trail.

  6. Santa Fe Trail: 780 miles from Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico Oregon Trail: From Independence, Missouri to Portland, Oregon *By 1844, 5,000 Americans arrived in Oregon and farmed

  7. Tensions with Great Britain • -Treaty of Paris (signed after the Revolutionary War) was not clear on the northern and eastern boundaries on Maine • -1838: British decided to construct a road to connect the Bay of Fundy (which touches Maine and Canada) to Montreal and Quebec

  8. Tensions with Great Britain-Aroostook War • February 1839- • As they were moving north, they encountered British workers who were clearing land to build the road, and they fought one another • It could have turned into a higher scale war when the army was starting to mobilize in case of a serious war

  9. Resolution • Important that the U.S. and Great Britain maintained good relations because • In order to resolve the issue brought forth by the Aroostook War, Daniel Webster (Secretary of State) and Lord Ashburton divided the territory of Maine between Great Britain and the U.S.

  10. Resolving Territorial Disputes-Establishing the Northern Boundary • Oregon Territory ( ) was still jointly owned by the U.S. and Great Britain • 1846: the U.S. and Great Britain signed a treaty that set the present day border between the U.S. and Canada by extending the, further expanding US territory • President James K. Polk’s presidential campaign rested on the

  11. Tensions with Native Americans • As settlers were moving west, they moved to lands Native Americans inhabited • Black Hawk War: Black Hawk led a rebellion against the U.S. in 1830 throughout Illinois and the Wisconsin territory due to settlers pressuring Native Americans to move west of the Mississippi

  12. Tensions with Native Americans: Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851 • Signed between US representatives and Native American tribes including the Sioux, Crow and Cheyenne tribes to address disturbances between settlers and Native Americans • Intentions: • Provisions:

  13. Results of the Fort Laramie Treaty • Treaty was violated • Treaties that were signed after the Fort Laramie Treaty forced Native Americans to abandon their land

  14. Mormon Migration • 1830: Mormons established the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints in Fayette, NY • Led by who was jailed for treason and killed in jail by an anti-Mormon group • 1847:

  15. Tensions in Mexico: Expansion in Texas • Before Americans started settling in Texas, both the local Indians and Mexicans continually fought over who controlled the territory. • After Mexico’s independence from Spain, they took control over the Southwest area of the U.S.

  16. During the 1820s, Mexico began offering land grants to Americans interested in settling in Texas. • If they agreed to obey Mexico’s laws and religion. • One of the most prominent American settlers was Stephen F. Austin, who began an American colony in Texas. • 30,000 Americans moved to Texas outnumbering Mexicans 10:1 • Mexicans passed a law to limit immigration into Texas

  17. Battle of Alamo • Santa Ana was elected as Mexico’s president in 1833 and abolished local rights • Rebellions emerged in Texas and he led his army into Texas • 1836: Texans were defeated at the Battle of Alamo but Mexican troops were attacked by surprise by Houston’s troops who were yelling “Remember the Alamo!” • Santa Anna was captured

  18. Texas-The Lone Star State • Santa Anna was forced to sign a treaty that would accept the independence of Texas in 1836

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