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AP Psychology

AP Psychology. 12/20/13. The Grinch’s personality. Today, we are analyzing the Grinch’s personality from three perspectives: Sigmund Freud, Carl Rogers, & Alfred Adler. Sigmund Freud. Psychodynamic approach: focuses on the past and the subconscious. Carl Rogers.

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AP Psychology

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  1. AP Psychology 12/20/13

  2. The Grinch’s personality • Today, we are analyzing the Grinch’s personality from three perspectives: Sigmund Freud, Carl Rogers, & Alfred Adler.

  3. Sigmund Freud • Psychodynamic approach: focuses on the past and the subconscious.

  4. Carl Rogers • Humanistic approach: focuses on relationships.

  5. Alfred Adler • Psychodynamic/humanistic: the power of the past, but in social relationships.

  6. Freud • Three parts of the human mind: • Ego: mostly conscious, operates on “reality principle.” Mediator. • Superego: your “conscience.” Both conscious and unconscious. Fights the id. • Id: unconscious psychic energy that operates on “pleasure principle”—wants to fulfill basic biological drives.

  7. Freud

  8. Freud’s psychosexual stages & fixation • Oral stage: focus on mouth—sucking, biting, chewing as infant. Nail biting, alcoholism, smoking as adult. Sarcastic and manipulative personality. • Anal stage: focus on control (from toilet training). Anal-retentive personalities are neat and orderly. Anal-expulsive personalities are rebellious and disorganized. • Phallic stage: Obsession with genitals—Oedipus complex & Electra complex. Adult personality is marked by vanity and domination. • Fixation: unresolved conflicts from a stage lead to an emphasis (fixation) in adulthood.

  9. Freudian defense mechanisms • Repression: sends anxiety-inducing thoughts to the unconscious. Freudian slips and dreams are these thoughts reaching consciousness. • Regression: reverting to an older behavior to find comfort in anxiety. • Reaction formation: adopting an opposite thought in the face of an anxiety-inducing one. • Projection: insecurity about self that is then seen in other people. • Rationalization: justifying dangerous behavior with a new explanation to ignore reality. • Displacement: inappropriate sexual or aggressive impulses are transferred to a new target.

  10. Rogers • Self-actualization: all people have the ability to reach their full potential. • In order to do so, however, a positive environment is needed (genuineness, acceptance, and empathy).

  11. Rogers’ environmental factors • Genuineness: people must be open and honest. • Acceptance: people value you for who you are—called positive regard. Unconditional positive regard is displayed in spite of any events. • Empathy: recognition of how others are feeling. • These factors nurture growth.

  12. Rogers’ personality ideas • Self-concept: human environment leads to your idea of who you are. This includes your morals, idea of self-worth, etc. It is positive or negative, depending on if you have met your “ideal self.” • Incongruence: gap between real self and ideal self. • Living a congruent life makes you a fully functioning person.

  13. Fully-functioning person • Someone in touch with who they want to be. Called the “good life” by Rogers. • Open to experiences • Living each moment fully • Trust in judgment • Responsible for own actions • Enhanced creativity • Reliable and productive • “Good life”—experiences are more intense

  14. Adler • Like Freud, believes that childhood influences personality. Unlike Freud, social over sexual influence. • Holistic approach: cannot divide personality (id, ego, superego), but most look at entire individual.

  15. Adler: goals • Goal-oriented behavior: all of human behavior is driven toward some sort of goal. For most of us, it is to belong (we are social creatures). • Another primary struggle: to overcome inferiority by reaching superiority.

  16. Adler: personality • According to Adler, showing social interest is a mark of a healthy personality. It is innate but needs to be nurtured by family/environment. • Style of life: whatever beliefs, thoughts, and behaviors you adopt to reach your goals. Typically you choose a style to overcome inferiority.

  17. Superiority/Inferiority • Primary feelings of inferiority: as a child, you are small, weak, and dependent. • Secondary feelings of inferiority: any physiological/environmental handicap or negative parenting. • Inferiority complex: belief that you are not as good as others. Marked by feeling inadequate, inferior, and anxious. • Superiority complex: belief that you are better than others. Typically masks another inferiority. Marked by arrogance, egotism, and flamboyance.

  18. How the Grinch Stole Christmas! • http://www.amazon.com/Grinch-Stole-Christmas-Horton-Hears/dp/B001M6KTM0/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1387555861&sr=8-1&keywords=how+the+grinch+stole+christmas • Analyze the Grinch according to your perspective.

  19. Groups • Discuss in groups for 10 minutes. Present findings to class and then discuss.

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