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Tackling Social Exclusion

Tackling Social Exclusion. Why do we care about social exclusion. So far we have mostly talked about social exclusion because of the lack of human rights that come with exclusion BUT… There are other important reasons too !

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Tackling Social Exclusion

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  1. Tackling Social Exclusion

  2. Why do wecareabout social exclusion • So far wehavemostlytalkedabout social exclusionbecauseofthelackof human rightsthat come withexclusion • BUT… • There are otherimportantreasonstoo! • Forexample, theDepartmentfor International Developmentsaysthatreducing social exclusionwill reduce worldwidepovertyandhelpusachieveourMDGs in time.

  3. Thedefinitionof social exclusionofthe DID • “Groupsofpeopleexisting in allsocietieswho are systematicallydisadvantagedbecausethey are discriminatedagainst. This can occur in publicinstitutionssuch as the legal system, or in educationandhealthservices as well as in thehouseholdand in thecommunity.”

  4. How doespovertyconnectto social exclusion? • Men, womenandchildrenwho are excludedfromsociety are alsooftenexcludedfromparticipation in theeconomyor in politicsthereforethey are more likelyto be poor. • Thismeansreducingpovertyis a toughcycletobreak!

  5. Social Exclusion • There are listsofextremelyexcludedandimpoverishedpeople, manyofwhichyouhaveresearched. • But, whathappenstopeoplethat are doublyortriplyexcluded? • Example: disabled, old, single women?

  6. How do peoplebecomeexcluded? • In ordertosolvetheproblemweneedtounderstand how ithappens in thefirst place • Exclusionoccurswhenpowerfulgroupsofsocietycreateinstitutionsandpromotebehaviorsthatreflectorenforcecurrent social attitudes. • Theseleave no roomforpeoplewho are different • Sometimesthisisonpurposeandother times itisunofficialdiscriminationsthatjustreflectthesociety’sideals (In indianschoolsdalits do menialtasks) • Other times, itisjustbecausepeople are unawareofothers’ needs (disabled)

  7. Can social exclusion cause poverty? • Currently, 891 millionpeople in theworldexperiencediscriminationbasedontheirethnic, linguisticorreligiousidentities • Becausesociallyexcludedgroupsdon’thaveaccesstoresources, marketsandpublicservices in thesamewaythey do nothaveanopportunitytoincreasetheirincome by theirownefforts • Therefore, even whentheeconomygrowsthesepeople are leftbehind

  8. Social ExclusionandtheMillenniumDevelopmentgoals • First…what are theMDG’s?? • Unlessprograms are specificallydesignedtohelpsociallyexcludedgroups, somereallylargegroupswillremainpoor, uncaredforandtheywillnot be abletogaintherightstheydeserve

  9. PovertyandHunger • In Vietnam, 90% ofthe country is made up ofethnicminorities • 100 millionolderpeopleliveonlessthan a dollar a day • Womenaccountfornearly 70% ofthe 1.2 billionpeoplecurrently living in extreme poverty

  10. Maternal HealthandChildMortality • In Brazil, nearlythree times as manyblackwomen as whitewomendiefromthecomplicationsofpregnancyandchildbirth • In India discriminationof girls increasesthechildmortalityrate by 20% • In guatemala, 79 out of 1000 indiginousbabiesandchildrendiebeforetheir 5th birthday

  11. Universal Education • In Serbia and Montenegro, 30% of Roma childrenhaveneverattendedprimaryschool • In Uttar Pradesh, primaryschoolenrollmentfor girls in lowcastesis 30% anditis 60% for girls fromhighcastes

  12. Genderequality • Womenholdfewerthan 13% oftheworld’sparliamentaryseatsandlessthan 9% oftheseats in developingcountries • 16-50% ofwomen in steadyrelationshipshavebeenphysicallyassaulted by theirpartners

  13. HIV/AIDS, Malaria andotherdiseases • In China, althoughethnicminoritiesmake up lessthan 9% ofthepopulation, theyaccountfor 37% of HIV cases • In Africa, 8-% of 15-19 yearolds living with HIV/AIDS are women • In Guatemala, 90% ofchildrenof European descent are vaccinatedagainstmeaslescomparedto 70% ofindigenouspeople

  14. Social exclusionandconflict • Excludedgroups are oftendenied a voice in politics • Whentheyfeeltooabusedandmarginalizedthey may reactviolently • Or, they may feelthatviolencewillgivethempower • Examples • ConflictbetweenHindusandMuslims in India • Guatemala 20-year civil war • Rwanda genocide

  15. Recommendationsofthe DID • Create legal, regulatoryandpolicyframeworksthatpromote social inclusion • Ensurethatsociallyexcludedgroupsstillbenefitfrompublicspending as much • Improveeconomicopportunitiesforexcludedgroups • Promotetheirpoliticalparticipationandempowerthemtoutilizetheirvoices • Increaseacountabilityofindividuals, governmentsandgroupstoprotectcitizen’srights • Tackleprejudice

  16. Social Exclusion vs. Privilege

  17. Handedness… • Handednessisnotchosen • Righthandednessisconsidered normal • Left-handednesswashistoricallydeviantorsinister • Society may viewlefthandedpeople as awkwardofstrangeandlefthandedpeople my internalizethis • Left-handedpeople may changetheirbehaviorstofittheright-handedworld • Right-handedpeople are unconsciousofthebenefitstheyrecieve • Righthandedpeoplecannotavoidthebenefitstheyreceive even whentheyrealizetheyhavethem

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