1 / 16

Revolutions in Russia

Revolutions in Russia. Ch. 14.1. How did the Policies of the Czars help to ignite the full-scale revolution?. Autocratic policies – DictoatorialCzars (Alexander I, Nicolas I & Alexander II) resist change Harsh measures – Cracked down on anyone who resisted the Czarist govn’t

damara
Download Presentation

Revolutions in Russia

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Revolutions in Russia Ch. 14.1

  2. How did the Policies of the Czars help to ignite the full-scale revolution? • Autocratic policies – DictoatorialCzars (Alexander I, Nicolas I & Alexander II) resist change • Harsh measures – Cracked down on anyone who resisted the Czarist govn’t • Against (esp. non-Russians e.g. Jews) • Resistance to change inflamed the masses

  3. How did policies relating to industrialization& economic growth help to ignite the full-scale revolution? • Grueling working conditions • Miserably low wages • Child labor • Workers’ low standard of living • Lack of political power • Enormous gap between rich & poor • = civil unrest & strife

  4. How did policies relating to industrialization& economic growth help to ignite the full-scale revolution? Rapid Industrialization • Number of factories doubles between 1863 and 1900; Russia still lags behind the rest of Western Europe: - *ALWAYS HAS BEEN A MAJOR PROBLEM FOR RUSSIA • In late 1800s, new plan boosts steel production; major railway begins - Foreign investors & raised taxes - Trans-Siberian Railway (1891 – 1916)

  5. How did the policies relating to the Russo-Japanese War help to ignite the full-scale revolution? • Russia’s losses sparked unrest at home • Revealed the Czar’s weakness as a ruler • Led to revolt in the middle of the war

  6. How did the policies relating to “Bloody Sunday” help to ignite the full-scale revolution? • Provoked a wave of strikes & violence across the country • Forced Czar Nicholas II to promise more freedom • Create the Duma, Russia’s first parliament.

  7. How did the policies relating to WWI help to ignite the full-scale revolution? • Revealed weaknesses of czarist rule & military leadership • Destroyed morale of Russian soldiers who cause a mutiny, deserted and ignored orders • Price were sky-high

  8. (Put in Notes) World War I: The Final Blow • Heavy losses in World War I reveal government’s weakness & people were starving back at home • Nicholas goes to war front; Czarina Alexandra runs government • Czarina falls under the influence of Rasputin—mysterious “holy man” • Nobles fear Rasputin’s influence, murder him • Army losing effectiveness; people at home hungry and unhappy

  9. Rasputin World War I: The Final Blow • Czarina falls under the influence of Rasputin— mysterious “holy man” • Promises to help the Czarina’s youngest child who was a hemophiliac • Nobles fear Rasputin’s influence, murder him

  10. How did the policies of The March Revolution (1917) help to ignite the full-scale revolution? • Forced Czar Nicholas II to abdicate his throne – A year later the royal family were executed • Allowed Duma to set up a provisional government

  11. The Bolsheviks gain and hold political controlNovember 1917 Revolution • Toppled provisional government • Gave power to the Bolsheviks

  12. The Bolsheviks gain and hold political controlCivil war between the Red (Bolshevik) and White (Menshevik) armies • Caused millions of deaths from fighting & famine • Showed that Bolsheviks were able 1) seize power 2) maintain power 15 million Russians died * They Crushed opposition to Bolshevik rule – they won!

  13. The Bolsheviks gain and hold political controlOrganization of Russia into republics • Centralized (in Moscow) power and unified country called the “Soviet Union – USSR; the Union of Soviet states” • The Bolsheviks rename themselves The Communist Party Left to right: Trotsky, Lenin, and Kamenev

  14. Karl Marx • Marx’s ideas formed the basis of the revolutionary government • Economist • Disturbed by conditions caused by Industrial Rev • Author of Das Capital and The Communist Manifesto • Marx believed that society is divided into two groups-the haves, and the have- nots. • The have-nots perform backbreaking labor but receive low wages while enduring poor working conditions. • Marx believed that the Industrial Revolution had made the factory owners the haves and he called them bourgeoisie. • The have-nots were the factory workers whom he called proletariat. • He believed that the factory owner bourgeoisie exploited the proletariat workers

  15. V. I. Lenin • Led the Bolshevik revolution • “Peace, Land & Bread” Lenin’s slogan • Restored peace and order • 1st Communist leader of the Soviet Union • Leader of the Bolshevik party who were Marxists or Communists

  16. Leon Trotsky • Helped negotiate Treaty of Brest-Litovsk • Commanded the Red Army during civil war

More Related