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Human Body Organization

Human Body Organization. Levels of Organization in Humans. Trillions of cells in the human body are organized in levels that work together to help the body function properly LEQ 1: In order from simplest to most complex, the levels of organization in humans are: Cells Tissues Organs

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Human Body Organization

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  1. Human Body Organization

  2. Levels of Organization in Humans • Trillions of cells in the human body are organized in levels that work together to help the body function properly • LEQ 1: In order from simplest to most complex, the levels of organization in humans are: • Cells • Tissues • Organs • Organ Systems

  3. Cells • Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things • Each of your cells carries out the processes that keep you alive • In humans, cells are specialized for specific jobs • Examples: • Nerve cells carry information from one part of the body to another • Red blood cells carry oxygen • Bone cells help support your body

  4. Cells • Although cells are specialized to carry out specific jobs, each type of cell needs other cells to do its work • Example: muscle cells can move the body only if they can get enough oxygen to release energy; they depend on red blood cells to deliver this oxygen

  5. Tissues • The second level of organization in humans is the tissue • Tissue: a group of specialized cells that work together to perform a specific function

  6. Types of Tissue • The human body contains four main types of tissue • Nerve tissue: carries impulses back and forth between the brain and the body • Muscle tissue: contracts and shortens, making body parts move • Three types of muscle tissue: cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and skeletal muscle

  7. Types of Tissue • Epithelial tissue: covers surfaces of the body; inside the body, epithelial tissue serves as a lining for internal organs and forms a layer of skin outside the body • Connective Tissue: connects all parts of the body and provides support • Examples: tendons, ligaments, cartlidge

  8. Organs • The third level of organization in humans is organs • Organ: a group of two or more kinds of tissue that work together to perform a specific function • Example: The heart is made up of all four types of tissue; the stomach is made up of epithelial, muscle, and connective tissue

  9. Organ Systems • The fourth level of organization in humans is the organ systems • Organ system: a group of two or more organs that work together to perform a specific function • There are eleven organ systems in the human body • All of the systems work together to keep you alive

  10. Human Organ Systems • Circulatory System: transports oxygen, nutrients, and other materials to cells; transports wastes away from cells • Digestive: breaks down food into nutrients the body can use; disposes of solid waste • Endocrine: secretes hormones that regulate body functions • Excretory: removes waste

  11. Human Organ Systems • Immune: protects against disease • Integumentary: provides a barrier between the body and the environment; prevents water loss • Muscular: moves the body; moves materials through the body • Nervous: detects and responds to changes in the environment; transmits information throughout the body

  12. Human Organ Systems • Reproductive: produces offspring • Respiratory: Exchanges gases between the body and the external environment • Skeletal: Supports and moves the body; protects internal organs

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