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Demographic Transition Model

Why does population grow faster in some places than in others?. Demographic Transition Model. Demographic: Think population Transition: Think change In order to understand this concept, you must be comfortable with this vocabulary: CBR, CDR, NIR , Infant mortality, revolution.

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Demographic Transition Model

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  1. Why does population grow faster in some places than in others? Demographic Transition Model

  2. Demographic: Think population • Transition: Think change • In order to understand this concept, you must be comfortable with this vocabulary: • CBR, CDR, NIR, Infant mortality, revolution

  3. All places have seen changes in natural increase, fertility, and mortality rates • These occur at different times in different parts of the world • The DTM has four stages of population growth • No country today is Stage 1. • LDCs are in Stages 2 and 3 • MDCs are in Stage 4

  4. STAGE ONE: LOW GROWTH • Early human societies to about 1750. • Birth rates and death rates were roughly equal • Infant mortality was high • Since CBR and CDR were about the same, natural increase was low

  5. STAGE ONE • Population grew toward the end of Stage One because of the AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION, when humans used agriculture for the first time.

  6. STAGE TWO: HIGH GROWTH • CDR drops dramatically • CBR remains about the same • Since CBR > CDR, population grows

  7. CAUSES OF STAGE TWO • Industrial Revolution • Europe, U.S., Canada • Being able to make products quickly led to greater wealth—being able to ensure supplies of food. • 1750s-1800s • Medical Revolution • Africa, Asia, Latin America • Improved medical practices in Europe diffused to Africa, Asia, and Latin America • This cut down on tradition forms of death from disease • Mid 1900s

  8. STAGE THREE: MODERATE GROWTH • A country is in Stage 3 when the CBR and TFR start to drop rapidly. • The drop is a result of social customs, not technological changes. • People in Stage 3 countries are likely to live in cities and no longer need large families.

  9. STAGE FOUR: LOW GROWTH • Stage 4 countries have CBRs that are nearly equal to CDRs. • NIR drops to near zero, a condition called ZERO POPULATION GROWTH (ZPG). • ZPG means that the TFR is around 2.1, the replacement rate

  10. WHY DO COUNTRIES REACH STAGE FOUR? • Women’s education and work • Fewer children for working women • First children are born later in life (after college), leaving less time to produce more.

  11. REASONS FOR STAGE 4 • Birth control and Family Planning • Use of contraceptives—including condoms and “the pill” help prevent pregnancy • More money and free time=attending events without children • Travel overseas • Attending plays and shows • Dining at restaurants

  12. STAGE 2 POPULATION PYRAMID

  13. STAGE 3 POPULATION PYRAMID

  14. STAGE 4 POPULATION PYRAMID

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