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Divisions of the Skeleton

Divisions of the Skeleton. Axial Skeleton. Includes skull, spine, and ribs. Skull . Made up of 22 Bones: Facial bones = 14 Cranium =8. Bones that enclose the brain (8). CRANIUM. COLOR CODE. Color code letters A-L on the skull. Sutures (a,b,c). A. Frontal bone B. Pariatal bone (paired)

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Divisions of the Skeleton

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  1. Divisions of the Skeleton

  2. Axial Skeleton • Includes skull, spine, and ribs.

  3. Skull • Made up of 22 Bones: • Facial bones = 14 • Cranium =8

  4. Bones that enclose the brain (8). CRANIUM

  5. COLOR CODE • Color code letters A-L on the skull. • Sutures (a,b,c)

  6. A. Frontal bone • B. Pariatal bone (paired) • C. Occipital bone • D. Temporal bone (paired) • E. Sphenoid (connects cranium to facial) • F. Ethmoid (roof and sides of the nasal passage)

  7. Contains 2 sinuses Sinuses ? Frontal Bone

  8. Paired (2) Parietal

  9. Occipital

  10. Paired (2) Temporal Bone

  11. Sphenoid (page 139)

  12. Ethmoid Bone

  13. Lines where bones meet, immovable joints. Sutures (a,b,c)

  14. Fontanels • Soft spots with no bones when babies are born. (Connective tissue)

  15. Fontanels • As a fetus develops, its brain grows rapidly. The skull is growing as well but can not keep up. Fusion of the bones begins, but will complete after birth. A new born generally has 2 frontal bones, 4 occipital bones, and several sphenoid and temporal bones. These bones are held together by fontanels.

  16. Opening in occipital bone for spinal cord exit. Foramen Magnum

  17. Opening in temporal bone for ear canals. External Auditory Meatus

  18. Sharp bone projection to help anchor muscles assoc. with the tongue. Styloid Process

  19. Facial • Bones NOT enclosing brains (13 immovable + 1 movable = 14).

  20. Facial bones • G. Lacrimal (2) • H. Nasal Bone (2) • I. Zygomatic (2) Cheek bones • J. Maxilla (2) upper jaw • K. Mandible *Only movable joint in the skull.

  21. Thin and scale like. Lacrimal (2)

  22. Two rectangles that fuse and form the bridge of the nose. Nasal Bone (2)

  23. Cheek bones. ‘Zygomatic Arch’ connects to the temporal bone. Zygomatic Bone (2)

  24. Form the floor of the nasal cavity and the roof of the oral cavity (hard palate). Upper jaw Maxilla (2)

  25. Mandible (only movable face bone)

  26. ?

  27. Bones in the ears. (Smallest bones in the body) OSSICLES Hammer Anvil Stirrup Mallus Incus Stapes

  28. Attachment for movement of the tongue, doesn’t touch any other bones-base of the tongue Hyoid

  29. Vertebrae

  30. 1. Spinous Process 2. Articular Facet 3. Transverse Process 4. Vertebral foramen 5. Body Textbook Page 143

  31. Are the individual irregular bones that make up the spinal column Vertebrae (F)

  32. Made of tough cartilage Intervertebral discs (D)

  33. The spine is broken into 4 sections. 1. Cervical 2. Thoracic 3. Lumbar 4. a.Sacrum b.Coccyx Vertebral Column

  34. Total = 7 Location = neck #’s = C1-C7 CERVICAL

  35. Total = 12 Location = Thoracic cavity #’s = T1-T12 Thoracic

  36. Total = 5 Location = Lower back #’s = L1-L5 LUMBAR VERTEBRAE

  37. 5 fused sacral discs at base of spine. Sacrum

  38. Tail Bone Coccyx OUCH!!!!!

  39. Sternum • Breast Bone, 3 parts

  40. Manubrium (top) • Body (middle) • Xiphoid process

  41. RIBS – 12 pairs

  42. True- top 7 pairs, attach directly to sternum False- next 5 pairs, do not attach directly to sternum Floating- bottom 2 ribs, no connection with sternum

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